Cardiovascular Meds Flashcards
(52 cards)
Function of Anticoagulants
Prevent clot formation and thromboembolism.
Normal aPTT
20-36 seconds
Heparin sodium
Anticoagulant. Therapeutic at 1.5 to 2.5 the normal aPTT time
Warfarin sodium
Anticoagulant. Suppresses coagulation by acting as a vitamin k agonist and suppressing 4 clotting factors.
PT is 1.5-2 times the normal value.
INR is 2-3 or 4-5 for patients on warfarin.
Normal INR
1.3-2.0
Normal PT
9.5-11.5 seconds
Function of Thrombolytic medications & used to treat what
Used to dissolve clots. Can be used to treat MI within 4-6 hours of occurrence. Also used to treat PE and DVT.
Function of Anti-platelet medications
Inhibit the aggregation of platelets thereby increasing clotting time.
Types of anti-platelet medications
Aspirin & clopidogrel
Types of positive inotropic and cardiotonic meds
Dopamine, dobuatmine
Function of positive inotropic and cardiotonic meds
Stimulate myocardial contractility
Cardiac Glycosides
Inhibit the Na/K pump and causing the heart to contract more efficiently, increased the force of contracting and reduces the heart rate.
Type of cardiac glycosides
Digoxin
Digoxin therapeutic range
0.5-2.0. If >2.0 then toxicity.
Anti-hypertensive medications
Diuretics. Affect Na+ and H20 reabsorption in the kidneys.
ACE Inhibitor functions
Prevent peripheral vasoconstriction thereby reducing blood pressure.
Types of ACE Inhibitors
Ramipril
Beta blocker functions
Block the release of catecholamines - epinephrine and norephiepherine to reduce heart rate and blood pressure.
Types of beta blockers
Propranolol, bisoprolol, atenolol.
Calcium channel blockers function
Promote vasodilation of coronary and peripheral vessels.
Types of calcium channel blockers
Amlodopine, verapamil
Peripheral vasodilator - function
Reduce peripheral resistance by dilating arteries and veins increasing blood flow to extremities.
Antilipemic medications
Reduce cholesterol, triglycerides and LDL
Types of antilipemic medications
Atorvastatin, simvastatin
