cardiovascular system 1

Question 1

the pump that keeps blood moving through a closed circuit of blood vessels

Answer 1

heart

Question 2

a triangular organ that is about the size of a closed fist

Answer 2

heart

Question 3

the apex of blunt point of the lower egde of the heart lies on this

Answer 3

diaphram

Question 4

the two upper chambers of the heart

Answer 4

Atria

Question 5

the two lower chamber of the heart

Answer 5

ventricles

Question 6

which are smaller and walls thinner and less muscular than the other

Answer 6

atria

Question 7

they are often called the receiving chambers because blood enters into them through the viens

Answer 7

atria (upper chambers)

Question 8

they are sometimes referred to as discharging chambers because bloods exits then into arteries

Answer 8

ventricles ( lower chambers)

Question 9

cardiac muscle tissue making up the wall of each heart chamber

Answer 9

myocardium

Question 10

a thin layer of smooth tissue lining each heart chamber

Answer 10

endocardium

Question 11

Inflammation of the thin layer of smooth tissue lining each heart chamber

Answer 11

endocarditis

Question 12

this can happen if blood flows over a rough abrasive surface

Answer 12

clotting

Question 13

medical term for blood clot

Answer 13

Thrombus

Question 14

the sac surrounding the heart that secretes a lubricating fluid that prevents friction

Answer 14

Pericardium

Question 15

inner layer of the pericardium, covering the heart like an apple skin covers an apple

Answer 15

visceral pericardium/
Epicardium

Question 16

outer layer of the pericardium, covering the heart like a loose fliitng sack to allow heart to beat

Answer 16

parietal pericardium

Question 17

the medical term fro contraction of the heart

Answer 17

systole

Question 18

the medial term for the moment of relaxtion of the heart

Answer 18

distole

Question 19

the name given for the 2 valves that seperate that artiums from the ventricles

Answer 19

atrioventriculcar valves (AV)

Question 20

valve that seperates left atrium and ventricle

Answer 20

mitral valve or bicuspid valve

Question 21

valve that seperates right artium and ventricle

Answer 21

tricuspid valve

Question 22

description of the sounds of a heart beat

Answer 22

“lubb dubb”/ “lub dup”

Question 23

the first sound of a heart beat is the closure of ____ as the ventricles contract

Answer 23

AV valve

Question 24

the second sound of a heart beat is the closure of the semilunar valves when ventricles relax

Answer 24

“dubb” “dup”

Question 25

the 2 large veins that permit blood flow to the right artium

Answer 25

Superior vena cava inferior vena cava

Question 26

the ___ heart pump recieves oxygen poor blood from the veins

Answer 26

right

Question 27

when ventricles contract, blood in the right ventricle is pumped into the

Answer 27

pulmonary artery

Question 28

when blood reaches the lungs____ is added and _____ is lost

Answer 28

oxygen carbon dioxide

Question 29

oxygen rich blood from the lungs returns travels to the left artium of the heart through these

Answer 29

pulmonary veins

Question 30

after passing the pulmonary veins, blood travels through the left AV or bicuspid valve into this chamber

Answer 30

left ventricle

Question 31

when the left ventricle contracts, blood is forced through the aortic semilunar valve into this vessel

Answer 31

aorta

Question 32

the heart acts as 2 separate ___

Answer 32

pumps

Question 33

the type of circulation that involves movement of blood from the right ventricle to the lungs

Answer 33

pulmonary circulation

Question 34

the type of circulation that involves movement of blood from the left ventricle throughout the body as a whole

Answer 34

systemic circulation

Question 35

these vessels permit blood flow to the heart cells

Answer 35

colonary arteries

Question 36

the aortas first branches

Answer 36

colonary arteries

Question 37

when a blood clot occludes of plugs up some part of a colonary artery

Answer 37

colonary thrombus

Question 38

tissue death due to lack of oxygen to the heart muscles

Answer 38

myocardial infarction

Question 39

medical term for a heart attack

Answer 39

myocardial infarction

Question 40

severe chest pain that occurs when the myocardium is deprived of adequate oxygen

Answer 40

angina

Question 41

a complete heart beat

Answer 41

cardiac cycle

Question 42

Approximate number of heart beats per minute in healthy people

Answer 42

60-70 beats

Question 43

heartbeats are coordinated by these types of signals

Answer 43

electrical signals

Question 44

four structures embedded in the wall of the heart specialized to generate strong impulses and conduct them rapidly to certain regions of the heart wall; they make up the conduction system of the heart

Answer 44

-SA nodes -AV nodes -AV bundle -purkinje fibers

Question 45

known as the hearts natural pacemaker

Answer 45

sinus node sinoatrial node

Question 46

largest artery

Answer 46

Aorta

Question 47

small divisions of arteries

Answer 47

arterioles

Question 48

microscopic exchange vessels

Answer 48

capillaries

Question 49

where the exchange of nutrients & respiratory gasses occurs between the blood & tissue finds fluid around cells

Answer 49

Capillary beds

Question 50

blood travels from capillary beds to vessels that gradually increase in size to become veins

Answer 50

venules

Question 51

they carry blood away from the heart toward capillaries

Answer 51

arteries

Question 52

they carry blood toward the heart away from capillaries

Answer 52

veins

Question 53

they carry blood from the tiny arterioles into tiny venules

Answer 53

capillaries

Question 54

this carries blood exiting the left ventricle of the heart

Answer 54

aorta

Question 55

these vessels return blood to the right artium after the blood has circulated through the body

Answer 55

vena cava

Question 56

3 coats in arteries & veins

Answer 56

tunica adventitia, tunica media, tunica intima

Question 57

the outer layer of arteries & veins made of connective fibers that reinforce the wall of the vessels

Answer 57

tunica adventitia

Question 58

the middle layer of arteries & veins made of smooth muscle tissue; this layer also includes a thin layer of elastic fibrous tissue

Answer 58

tunica media

Question 59

the inner layer of arteries & veins made of a single layer of squamous epithelial cells

Answer 59

tunica intima

Question 60

a single layer of squamous epithlial cells in the tunica intima

Answer 60

endothelium

Question 61

these vessels have one-way valves

Answer 61

veins

Question 62

what you feel when placing your fingertips over a artery that lies near the surface of the body adn over a bone or other firm base

Answer 62

pulse

Question 63

when an artery expands & then recoils you can feel this if touching one o the several possible areas of the body

Answer 63

pulse

Question 64

the structures that seperates the artiums and ventricles

Answer 64

septum

Question 65

the medical device that monitors electrical functioning of the heart

Answer 65

ECG/EKG

Question 66

the medical device that measures blood pressure

Answer 66

sphygmomanometer

Question 67

extra sounds ( such as those resulting from faulty valves

Answer 67

murmers

Question 68

which type of blood vessels have valves

Answer 68

veins

Question 69

what slows venous return when people are standing

Answer 69

gravity

Question 70

the expansion of blood flow when the ventricles push blood our of the heart can be palpated by pressing an ____ against tissue

Answer 70

artery

Question 71

a faster than normal heart rate

Answer 71

tachycardia

Question 72

a slower than normal heart rate

Answer 72

bradycardia

Question 73

a term that means the thickness of fluid

Answer 73

viscosity

Question 74

sensors in the carotid sinus and aortic arch that sense blood pressure, so that proper blood pressure can be maintained

Answer 74

barrow receptors

Question 75

a type of mechanoreceptor sensory neuron that are excited by a stretch of the blood vessel

Answer 75

barrow receptors

Question 76

massaging towards the heart

Answer 76

centipetal

Question 77

movement away from the center of heart

Answer 77

centrifugal