the cell and tissues

Question 1

smallest living unit of structure and function humans have 46 chromosomes/ 23 pairs in each

Answer 1

cell

Question 2

largest cell in the human body

Answer 2

ovum

Question 3

smallest cell in the body

Answer 3

sperm

Question 4

3 main parts of a cell

Answer 4

plasma membrane. cytoplasm, nucleus

Question 5

the external structure of the cell
AKA cell membrane

Answer 5

plasma membrane

Question 6

the substance inside the cell
intracellular fluid

Answer 6

cytoplasm

Question 7

the command center of the cell

Answer 7

nucleus

Question 8

gatekeeper or “bouncer”/ selectively permeable made of phospholipids and cholesterol

Answer 8

plasma membrane

Question 9

cell glue “living matter”
contains the nucleus and organelles

Answer 9

cytoplasm

Question 10

contains DNA
directs activity of the organelles

Answer 10

nucleus

Question 11

controls mitosis
surrounded by the nuclear membrane

Answer 11

nucleus

Question 12

nucleoplasm is the stuff inside of it

Answer 12

nucleus

Question 13

this contains the nucleolus and chromatin

Answer 13

nucleoplasm

Question 14

an organelle that consists of sacs and canals uses ribosomes to synthesize protiens

Answer 14

rough endoplasmic reticulum

Question 15

an organelle that consists of sacs and canals synthesizes lipids and helps eliminate toxins

Answer 15

smooth endoplasmic reticulum

Question 16

an organelle
protien factories; RNA

Answer 16

ribosomes

Question 17

an organelle that processes molecules from the ER packs and transports carbs and protiens

Answer 17

golgi apparatus

Question 18

an organelle
powerhouse of the cell; turns glucose to ATP

Answer 18

Mitochondria

Question 19

an organelle
digestive system of the cell gets rid of waste

Answer 19

lysosome

Question 20

an organelle that is rod-shaped
assists during mitosis (cell reproduction); spindle

Answer 20

centrioles

Question 21

an organelle
little feet to move material over cell

Answer 21

cillia

Question 22

an organelle
moves the sperm cell; tail

Answer 22

flagalia

Question 23

chemical used as energy in mitochondria
AKA adenosine triphoshate

Answer 23

ATP

Question 24

fingerlike projections of the cell membrane that increase surface area and aid in absorbing substances from extracellular fluid

Answer 24

mircovilli

Question 25

cleaner of the cell aka suicide sacs (they sacrifice selves for the cell)

Answer 25

lysosomes

Question 26

found in the nucleoplasm, it programs the formation of ribosomes

Answer 26

the nucleous

Question 27

little bits of DNA immature genetic material

Answer 27

chromatin

Question 28

during this process of cell division, DNA molecules turn into chromosomes

Answer 28

mitosis

Question 29

a type of transport that requires cellular energy from ATP produced in mitochondria

Answer 29

active transport

Question 30

a type of transport that involves a low to high concentration

Answer 30

active transport

Question 31

a type of transport that involves no cellular energy

Answer 31

passive transport

Question 32

a type of transport that involves a high to low concentration

Answer 32

passive transport

Question 33

2 kinds of passive transport

Answer 33

diffusion filtration

Question 34

process by which substances scatter evenly throughout an available space

Answer 34

diffusion

Question 35

2 kinds of diffusion

Answer 35

osmosis dialysis

Question 36

Diffusion of water across a Premeable membrane

Answer 36

Osmosis

Question 37

Diffusion of water and solutes (filter)

Answer 37

Dialysis

Question 38

Water and solutes are pushed through the membrane by hydrostatic pressure

Answer 38

Filtration

Question 39

A type of passive transport Example, coffee, and coffee maker

Answer 39

Filtration

Question 40

Three kinds ____ ______

Answer 40

Active transport

Question 41

A type of active transport A.k.a. permease system

Answer 41

Ion pump

Question 42

A type of active transport moves ions across the membrane against a concentration gradient

Answer 42

Ion pump

Question 43

Proteins structure in cell membrane, called a carrier, created by energy in active transport

Answer 43

Ion pump

Question 44

A type of active transport cell eats another cell

Answer 44

Phagocytosis

Question 45

A type of active transport cell sucks another cell dry

Answer 45

Pinocytosis

Question 46

Combination of solute and solvent

Answer 46

A solution

Question 47

Word for water only

Answer 47

Solvent

Question 48

Substance absorbed by solvent (dissolved substances)

Answer 48

Solute

Question 49

Three types of solutes

Answer 49

Hypertonic Hypotonic Isotonic

Question 50

More solute than solvent

Answer 50

Hypertonic

Question 51

Less solute than solvent

Answer 51

Hypotonic

Question 52

50/50 solute and solvent

Answer 52

Isotonic

Question 53

Cell implosion from hypertonicity

Answer 53

crenation

Question 54

Cell swelling from hypotonicity

Answer 54

Lysis

Question 55

Stages of cell division

Answer 55

Prophase Metaphase Anaphase Telophase PMAT

Question 56

Cell phase when most activities are carried on no energy used resting in terms of cell division

Answer 56

Interphase

Question 57

Phase of DNA replication when chromatin becomes chromosomes

Answer 57

Prophase

Question 58

Phase of DNA replication, when spindle fibers appear nucleolus and nuclear envelope disappear

Answer 58

Prophase

Question 59

Phase of DNA replication when chromosomes move into center of cell

Answer 59

Metaphase

Question 60

Phase of DNA replication when chromosomes are pulled from the center via spindle fibers

Answer 60

Anaphase

Question 61

Phase of DNA replication everything divides cell division, complete

Answer 61

Telophase

Question 62

Four types of tissue

Answer 62

Connective Muscular Epithelial Nervous

Question 63

Glia and neuron cells are in this type of tissue, rapid communication system and controls body

Answer 63

Nervous tissue

Question 64

Nervous systems cells supporting tissue for neurons “ nerve glue”

Answer 64

Neuroglia

Question 65

Nervous system cells it’s conducting units are dendrites and axons

Answer 65

Neurons

Question 66

This structure takes information to the neuron cell body

Answer 66

Dendrite

Question 67

This structure carries information away from the neuron cell body

Answer 67

Axon

Question 68

Three types of muscle tissue

Answer 68

Skeletal, cardiac, and smooth

Question 69

Striated, involuntary muscle tissue Moves the bone

Answer 69

Skeletal

Question 70

Striated and involuntary muscle tissue Dark bands called Intercalated discs

Answer 70

Cardiac

Question 71

Smooth and involuntary tissue (in blood vessels, hollow organs, intestines, bronchial tubes)

Answer 71

Smooth

Question 72

Type of tissue packed tightly little or no matrix little or no intercellular material

Answer 72

Epithelial

Question 73

This tissues function: secretion, absorption, and protection

Answer 73

Epithelial

Question 74

4 shapes of a epithelial tissue

Answer 74

Squamous Cuboidal Columnar Transitional

Question 75

Epithelial tissue that is flat and scale like

Answer 75

Squamous

Question 76

Epithelial tissue that is longer than wide

Answer 76

Columnar

Question 77

Epithelial tissue that varies in shapes and stretches

Answer 77

Transitional

Question 78

Most abundant and widely distributed tissue, function: connects and supports

Answer 78

Connective tissue

Question 79

7 types of connective tissue

Answer 79

Fibrous areolar bone blood adipose cartilage hemopoietic

Question 80

Most abundant type of connective tissue

Answer 80

Areolar

Question 81

Tissue that includes collagen for tendons( strong, white, and flexible does not stretch)

Answer 81

Fibrous

Question 82

Has a calcified matrix hard and rigid osteons are the cells that make it up

Answer 82

Bone

Question 83

Hard but flexible, “firm plastic or gristle like gel” chondrocytes, are the cells that make it up

Answer 83

Cartilage

Question 84

A type of connective tissue Liquid matrix carries nutrients and hormones

Answer 84

Blood

Question 85

The matrix of blood largest part of blood, carries water, salts, and enzymes light, yellow color

Answer 85

Plasma

Question 86

Forms red blood cells in lymphatic system sells

Answer 86

Hemopoietic

Question 87

Connects bone to bone

Answer 87

Ligaments

Question 88

Connects muscle to bone

Answer 88

Tendons

Question 89

Dilute salt water solution that bathes cells AKA tissue fluid

Answer 89

Interstitial fluid

Question 90

The process of division of the nucleus involved in cell reproduction; cell reproduces itself

Answer 90

Mitosis

Question 91

The process of cell division that have the number of chromosomes in reproductive cells (ova and sperm)

Answer 91

Meiosis

Question 92

Single layer of very thin and irregularly shaped cells

Answer 92

Simple squamous epithelial

Question 93

Several layers of cells, closely packed protects body against invasion by micro organisms

Answer 93

Stratified squamous epithelial

Question 94

Proteins on the cell membranes, outer surface serves as___ for certain other molecules

Answer 94

Protein receptors

Question 95

This identifies a cell as coming from a specific individual due to its surface proteins

Answer 95

Plasma membrane

Question 96

A component of the plasma membrane that helps stabilize the phospholipid molecules to prevent breakage of the plasma membrane

Answer 96

Cholesterol

Question 97

Two processes of proteins synthesis

Answer 97

Transcription and translation

Question 98

Swelling due to fluids, trapped in body tissues

Answer 98

Edema

Question 99

A small particle of an element Made up of protons, neutrons and electrons

Answer 99

Atom

Question 100

A combination of two or more atoms

Answer 100

Molecule

Question 101

Composed of two or more elements mixture, called matter, can exist, as solids, liquids or gases

Answer 101

Compounds

Question 102

Three types of chemical bonds

Answer 102

Ionic covalent and polar covalent

Question 103

Chemical Forms complex molecules from simple molecules

Answer 103

Anabolism

Question 104

Chemical reaction Breaks down complex compound

Answer 104

Catabolism

Question 105

Proteins that speed up chemical reactions, but not consumed or altered in the process

Answer 105

Enzymes

Question 106

Acidity or alkalinity of a solution is measured in

Answer 106

PH

Question 107

“Little organs” The basic structures found in cells

Answer 107

Organelles

Question 108

Layers of collagen and elastin fibers of fibers are aligned in a different direction and each

Answer 108

Fascia