Cardiovascular system

Question 1

The largest artery. It receives blood from the left ventricle and branches to all parts of the body (root aort/o).

Answer 1

Aorta

Question 2

The semilunar valve at the entrance to the aorta

Answer 2

Aortic valve

Question 3

The point of a cone-shaped structure (adjective, apical). The apex of the heart is formed by the left ventricle. It is inferior and pointed to- ward the left

Answer 3

Apex

Question 4

A vessel that carries blood away from the heart. All except the pulmonary and umbilical arteries carry oxygenated blood

Answer 4

Artery

Question 5

The small artery

Answer 5

Arteriole

Question 6

A small mass in the lower septum of the right atrium that passes im-
pulses from the sinoatrial (SA) node toward the ventricles

Answer 6

Atrioventricular node

Question 7

A band of fibers that transmits impulses from the atrioventricular (AV) node to the top of the interventricular septum. It divides into the right and left bundle branches, which descend along the two sides of the septum; the bundle of His.

Answer 7

AV bundle

Question 8

An entrance chamber, one of the two upper receiving chambers of the heart

Answer 8

Atrium

Question 9

The valve between the left atrium and the left ventricle; the mitral valve

Answer 9

Biscuspid valve

Question 10

The force exerted by blood against the wall of a vessel

Answer 10

Blood pressure

Question 11

Branches of the AV bundle that divide to the right and left sides of the interventricular septum

Answer 11

Bundle branches

Question 12

A microscopic blood vessel through which materials are EXCHANGED between the blood and the tissues

Answer 12

Capillary

Question 13

The part of the circulatory system that consists of the heart and the blood vessels

Answer 13

Cardiovascular system

Question 14

The relaxation phase of the heartbeat cycle

Answer 14

Diastole

Question 15

The thin membrane that lines the chambers of the heart and covers the valves

Answer 15

Endocardium

Question 16

The thin outermost layer of the heart wall

Answer 16

Epicardium

Question 17

Any sound produced as the heart functions normally

Answer 17

Functional murmur

Question 18

The muscular organ with four chambers that contracts rhythmically to propel blood through vessels to all parts of the body

Answer 18

Heart

Question 19

Sounds produced as the heart functions. The two loudest sounds are produced by alternate closing of the valves and are designated S1 and S2.

Answer 19

Heart sounds

Question 20

The large INFERIOR VEIN that brings blood back to the right atrium of the heart from the lower part of the body

Answer 20

Inferior vena cava

Question 21

The valve between the left atrium and the left ventricle; the bicuspid valve

Answer 21

Mitral valve

Question 22

The thick middle layer of the heart wall composed of cardiac muscle

Answer 22

Myocardium

Question 23

The fibrous sac that surrounds the heart

Answer 23

Pericardium

Question 24

The vessel that carries blood from the right side of the heart to the lungs

Answer 24

Pulmonary artery

Question 25

The system of vessels that carries blood from the right side of the heart to the lungs to be oxygenated and then back to the left side of the heart

Answer 25

Pulmonary circuit

Question 26

The vessels that carry blood from the lungs to the left side of the heart

Answer 26

Pulmonary veins

Question 27

The semilunar valve at the entrance to the pulmonary artery

Answer 27

Pulmonary valve

Question 28

The vessels that carry blood from the lungs to the left side of the heart

Answer 28

Pulmonary veins

Question 29

The wave of increased pressure produced in the vessels each time the ventricles contract

Answer 29

Pulse

Question 30

The terminal fibers of the conducting system of the heart. They carry impulses through the walls of the ventricles.

Answer 30

Purkinje fibers

Question 31

A wall dividing two cavities, such as the chambers of the heart

Answer 31

Septum

Question 32

A small mass in the upper part of the right atrium that initiates the impulse for each heartbeat; the pacemaker

Answer 32

Sinoatrial node

Question 33

An instrument for determining arterial blood pressure (root sphygm/o means “pulse”); blood pressure apparatus or cuff

Answer 33

Sphygmomanometer

Question 34

The large superior vein that brings deoxygenated blood back to the right atrium from the upper part of the body

Answer 34

Superior vena cava

Question 35

The system of vessels that carries oxygenated blood from the left side of the heart to all tissues except the lungs and returns deoxygenated blood to the right side of the heart

Answer 35

Systemic circuit

Question 36

The contraction phase of the heartbeat cycle

Answer 36

Systole

Question 37

The valve between the right atrium and the right ventricle

Answer 37

Tricuspid valve

Question 38

A structure that keeps fluid flowing in a forward direction

Answer 38

Valve

Question 39

A vessel that carries blood back to the heart. All except the pulmonary and umbilical veins carry blood low in oxygen

Answer 39

Vein

Question 40

A small cavity. One of the two lower pumping chambers of the heart

Answer 40

Ventricle

Question 41

A small vein

Answer 41

Venule

Question 42

A tube or duct to transport fluid

Answer 42

Vessel