Lesson 2

Question 1

• is any alteration from the normal structure or function of any part of the body.

Answer 1

Disease

Question 2

caused by microorganisms and other parasites that live at the expense of another organism.

Answer 2

Infectious disease

Question 3

Any disease-causing organisms is described as a __________.

Answer 3

Pathogen

Question 4

resulting from wear and tear, aging, or trauma (injury) that can result in a lesion (wound) and perhaps necrosis (death) of tissue.

Answer 4

Degenerative diseases

Question 5

Death or cell death means

Answer 5

Necrosis

Question 6

abnormal and uncontrolled growth of tissue.

Answer 6

Neoplasia /neoplasm

Question 7

failures of the immune system, allergies, and autoimmune diseases, in which the body makes antibodies to its own tissues, fall into this category.

Answer 7

Immune disorders

Question 8

resulting from lack of enzymes or other factors needed for cellular functions.

Answer 8

Metabolic disorders

Question 9

caused by underproduction or overproduction of hormones or by inability of the hormones to function properly.

Answer 9

Hormonal disorders

Question 10

disorders that affect the mind and adaptation of an individual to his or her environment

Answer 10

Mental and emotional disorders

Question 11

the cause of a disease.

Answer 11

Etiology

Question 12

sudden and severe and of short duration.

Answer 12

Acute disease

Question 13

is of long duration and progress slowly.

Answer 13

Chronic disease

Question 14

• are caused by viruses, bacteria, fungi, protozoa, and worms.
• they may be named according to their shape and by the arrangements they form.
• also described according to the dyes they take up when stained in the laboratory.

Answer 14

Infectious disease

Question 15

presence of harmful microorganisms or their toxins in the body.

Answer 15

Sepsis

Question 16

simple microscopic organisms that are widespread throughout the world, some of which can procuce disease;

Answer 16

Bacteria

Question 17

submicroscopic infectious agents that can live and reproduce only within living cells

Answer 17

Viruses

Question 18

simple, nongreen plants, some of which are parasitic;
includes yeasts and molds

Answer 18

Fungi

Question 19

Singe-called animals

Answer 19

Protozoa

Question 20

Also called as worms

Answer 20

Helminths

Question 21

• a common response to infection and to other forms of disease.

Answer 21

Inflammation

Question 22

getting rid of invading microorganisms, damaged cells, and other types of harmful debris.

Answer 22

Phagocytosis

Question 23

• cells of the immune system recognize different foreign invaders, and get rid of them by direct attack and with circulating antibodies that immobilize and help to destroy the cells.

Answer 23

Immunity

Question 24

neoplasm that does not spread although it may cause damage at the site where it grows.

Answer 24

Benign

Question 25

a sac or pouch filled with fluid or semisolid material that is usually abnormal but not cancerous.

Answer 25

Cyst

Question 26

is a neoplasm that metastisizes to other tissues and commonly called as Cancer.

Answer 26

Malignant

Question 27

malignant tumor that involves epithelial tissue.

Answer 27

Carninoma

Question 28

the tumor arises in the glandular epithelium.

Answer 28

Adenocarcinoma

Question 29

cancer of pigmented epithelial cells.

Answer 29

Melanoma

Question 30

neoplasm that involves connective tissue, muscle or bones.

Answer 30

Sarcoma

Question 31

Protrusion of an organ through an abnormal opening; a rupture

Answer 31

Hernia

Question 32

distinct area of damaged tissue; an injury or wound

Answer 32

Lesion

Question 33

To spread from one part of the body to another; characteristic of cancer. The noun is metastasis

Answer 33

Metastasize

Question 34

An organism that grows on or in another organism (the host), causing damage to it

Answer 34

Parasite

Question 35

dropping or downward displacement of an organ or part;

Answer 35

Prolapse

Question 36

product of inflammation consisting of fluid and white blood cells

Answer 36

Pus

Question 37

A poison

Answer 37

Toxin

Question 38

physical or psychological wound or injury

Answer 38

Trauma

Question 39

Alg/o, algi/o, algesi/o-

Answer 39

Pain

Question 40

Carnin/o

Answer 40

Cancer, carcinoma

Question 41

Cyst/o, cyst/i

Answer 41

Dilled sac or pouch, cyst. bladder

Question 42

Lith

Answer 42

Calculus, stone

Question 43

Onc/o

Answer 43

Tumor

Question 44

Path/o

Answer 44

Disease

Question 45

Py/o

Answer 45

Pus

Question 46

Pyr/o, pyret:o

Answer 46

Fire, fever

Question 47

Scler/o

Answer 47

Hard

Question 48

Tox/o, toxic/o

Answer 48

Poison

Question 49

Brady-

Answer 49

Slow

Question 50

Dys-

Answer 50

abnormal, painful, difficult

Question 51

Mal-

Answer 51

Bad, poor

Question 52

Pachy-

Answer 52

Thick

Question 53

Tachy-

Answer 53

Rapid

Question 54

Xero-

Answer 54

Dry

Question 55

-algia,-algesia

Answer 55

Pain

Question 56

-cele

Answer 56

Hernia, localized dilation

Question 57

-clasis, -clasia

Answer 57

Breaking

Question 58

-itis

Answer 58

Inflammation

Question 59

-megaly

Answer 59

Enlargement

Question 60

-odynia

Answer 60

Pain

Question 61

-oma

Answer 61

Tumor

Question 62

-pathy

Answer 62

Any disease of

Question 63

-rhage, -rhagia

Answer 63

Bursting forth,profuse flow, hemorrhage

Question 64

-ectasia, -ectasis

Answer 64

Dilation

Question 65

Edema

Answer 65

Accumulation of fluid, swelling

Question 66

Lysis

Answer 66

Separation, loosening, dissolving, destruction

Question 67

Malacia

Answer 67

Softening

Question 68

Sudden contraction, cramp

Answer 68

Spasm

Question 69

Suppresion, stoppage

Answer 69

Stasis

Question 70

Narrowing, contriction

Answer 70

Stenosis

Question 71

Staphyl/o

Answer 71

Grapelike cluster

Question 72

Strept/o

Answer 72

Twisted chain

Question 73

A laboratory staining procedure used mainly to identify the tuberculosis organism

Answer 73

Acid-fast chain

Question 74

Worsening of disease; increase in severity of a disease or its symptoms

Answer 74

Exacerbation

Question 75

Caused by the effects of treatment

Answer 75

Iatrogenic

Question 76

Having no known cause

Answer 76

Idiopathic

Question 77

Localized, noninvasive

Answer 77

In situ

Question 78

Describing an infection acquired in a hospital

Answer 78

Nosocomial

Question 79

Describing an infection that occurs because of a poor or altered condition of the host

Answer 79

Opportunistic

Question 80

A lessening of disease symptoms, the period during which such lessening occur

Answer 80

Remission

Question 81

Presence of pathogenic bacteria in the blood; blood poisoning

Answer 81

Septicima

Question 82

Pertaining to the whole body

Answer 82

Systemic

Question 83

A localized collection of pus

Answer 83

Abscess

Question 84

A uniting of two surfaces or parts that may normally be separated

Answer 84

Adhesion

Question 85

Lack of normal differentiation, as shown by cancer cells

Answer 85

Anaplasia

Question 86

Accumulation of fluid in the peritoneal cavity

Answer 86

Ascites

Question 87

A spreading intlammation o tissue

Answer 87

Cellulitis

Question 88

Escape of fluid into a cavity or other body part

Answer 88

Effusion

Question 89

Material that escapes from blood vessels as a result of injury to tissues

Answer 89

Exudate

Question 90

A groove or split

Answer 90

Fissure

Question 91

An abnormal passage between two organs or from an organ to the surface of the body

Answer 91

Fistula

Question 92

Death of tissue, usually caused by lack of blood supply; may be associated with bacterial infection and decomposition

Answer 92

Gangrene

Question 93

Excessive growth of normal cells in normal arrangement

Answer 93

Hyperplasia

Question 94

An increase in size of an organ without increase in the number of cells; ma' result from an increase in activity. as in muscles

Answer 94

Hypertrophy

Question 95

Hardening; an abnormally hard spot or place

Answer 95

Induration

Question 96

Conversion of cells to a form that is not normal for that tissue

Answer 96

Metaplasia

Question 97

tumor attached by a thin stalk

Answer 97

Polyp

Question 98

Forming or containing pus

Answer 98

Purulent

Question 99

Pus formation

Answer 99

Suppuration

Question 100

CA

Answer 100

Cancer

Question 101

CIS

Answer 101

Carcinoma in situ

Question 102

FUO

Answer 102

Fever of unknown origin

Question 103

MRSA

Answer 103

Methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus

Question 104

Staph

Answer 104

Staphylococcus

Question 105

Strep

Answer 105

Streptococcus

Question 106

VRSA

Answer 106

Vancomycin- resistant staphylococcus aureus