Cardiovascular System Flashcards
(105 cards)
1
Q
What is the main function of the cardiovascular system?
A
To transport blood, nutrients, oxygen, carbon dioxide, and hormones throughout the body.
2
Q
True or False: The heart has four chambers.
A
True
3
Q
Fill in the blank: The two upper chambers of the heart are called __________.
A
atria
4
Q
What are the names of the two lower chambers of the heart?
A
Ventricles
5
Q
Which blood vessels carry oxygenated blood away from the heart?
A
Arteries
6
Q
What is the primary artery that carries blood from the heart to the rest of the body?
A
Aorta
7
Q
True or False: Veins carry deoxygenated blood to the heart.
A
True
8
Q
What is the function of capillaries?
A
To facilitate the exchange of oxygen, carbon dioxide, nutrients, and waste between blood and tissues.
9
Q
Which component of blood is responsible for transporting oxygen?
A
Red blood cells
10
Q
What is the term for the contraction phase of the heart?
A
Systole
11
Q
What is the term for the relaxation phase of the heart?
A
Diastole
12
Q
What is the main pacemaker of the heart?
A
Sinoatrial (SA) node
13
Q
Fill in the blank: Blood pressure is measured in __________ over __________.
A
millimeters of mercury (mmHg)
14
Q
What is the normal range for resting heart rate in adults?
A
60 to 100 beats per minute
15
Q
Which condition is characterized by the hardening and narrowing of the arteries?
A
Atherosclerosis
16
Q
What is the role of the valves in the heart?
A
To prevent the backflow of blood.
17
Q
True or False: The pulmonary circulation carries blood to and from the lungs.
A
True
18
Q
What is the purpose of the coronary arteries?
A
To supply blood to the heart muscle.
19
Q
What type of blood vessel has the thinnest walls?
A
Capillaries
20
Q
What is the function of plasma in blood? (4)
A
To transport nutrients, hormones, proteins, and waste products.
21
Q
Fill in the blank: The heart is located in the __________ cavity.
A
thoracic
22
Q
What is the primary function of white blood cells?
A
To fight infections and provide immune defense.
23
Q
Which heart valve is located between the left atrium and left ventricle?
A
Mitral valve
24
Q
What does ECG stand for?
A
Electrocardiogram
25
True or False: The right side of the heart pumps oxygenated blood to the body.
False
26
What is the term for the amount of blood pumped by the heart in one minute?
Cardiac output
27
Fill in the blank: The condition known as hypertension refers to __________ blood pressure.
high
28
What is the primary function of the cardiovascular system?
To transport oxygen, nutrients, hormones, and waste products throughout the body.
29
True or False: The heart is a muscular organ that pumps blood through the circulatory system.
True
30
Fill in the blank: The two main components of the cardiovascular system are the heart and _______.
blood vessels
31
What are the two types of circulation in the cardiovascular system?
Pulmonary circulation and systemic circulation.
32
Multiple Choice: Which chamber of the heart receives oxygenated blood from the lungs?
Left atrium
33
What is the function of valves in the heart?
To prevent the backflow of blood.
34
True or False: Arteries carry blood away from the heart.
True
35
Fill in the blank: The largest artery in the body is the _______.
aorta
36
What is the role of red blood cells in the cardiovascular system?
To transport oxygen from the lungs to the body's tissues.
37
Multiple Choice: Which type of blood vessel is responsible for nutrient and gas exchange?
Capillaries
38
What is the normal range for resting heart rate in adults?
60 to 100 beats per minute.
39
True or False: Veins carry deoxygenated blood back to the heart.
True
40
Fill in the blank: The heart is divided into four chambers: two atria and two _______.
ventricles
41
What is the name of the pacemaker of the heart?
Sinoatrial (SA) node.
42
Multiple Choice: Which part of the heart pumps blood to the lungs?
Right ventricle
43
What is hypertension?
A condition characterized by consistently high blood pressure.
44
True or False: The cardiovascular system is also known as the circulatory system.
True
45
Fill in the blank: Blood pressure is measured in:
millimeters of mercury (mmHg)
46
What is the function of plasma in the blood?
To transport nutrients, hormones, and waste products.
47
Multiple Choice: Which type of blood vessel has the thickest walls?
Arteries
48
What is the term for the contraction phase of the heart cycle?
Systole
49
True or False: The left ventricle has thicker walls than the right ventricle.
True
50
Fill in the blank: The main function of white blood cells is to _______.
fight infection
51
What is the significance of the coronary arteries?
They supply blood to the heart muscle itself.
52
Multiple Choice: Which condition is characterized by the buildup of plaque in the arteries?
Atherosclerosis
53
What is the primary role of platelets in the blood?
To aid in blood clotting.
54
True or False: The cardiovascular system has no role in regulating body temperature.
False
55
Fill in the blank: The two main types of circulation are _______ and _______.
pulmonary and systemic
56
What is the purpose of the pulmonary artery?
To carry deoxygenated blood from the right ventricle to the lungs.
57
Multiple Choice: Which hormone is primarily responsible for increasing heart rate?
Adrenaline
58
What is the relationship between heart rate and exercise?
Heart rate increases with exercise to supply more oxygen to the muscles.
59
True or False: Blood flows from the atria to the ventricles during diastole.
True
60
Fill in the blank: The _______ is the part of the heart that separates the left and right sides.
septum
61
What is ischemia?
A restriction in blood supply to tissues, causing a shortage of oxygen.
62
Multiple Choice: Which of the following is a common symptom of heart disease?
Chest pain
63
What is the primary function of the aorta?
To distribute oxygenated blood from the left ventricle to the body.
64
True or False: The cardiovascular system is responsible for immune responses.
False
65
Fill in the blank: The _______ system works closely with the cardiovascular system to transport lymph.
lymphatic
66
What does ECG stand for?
Electrocardiogram
67
Multiple Choice: What does an ECG measure?
The electrical activity of the heart
68
What is the role of the right atrium?
To receive deoxygenated blood from the body.
69
True or False: Capillaries are the smallest blood vessels.
True
70
Fill in the blank: Blood flow is regulated by the _______ system.
nervous
71
What is the function of the pericardium?
To protect and lubricate the heart.
72
Multiple Choice: Which type of blood vessel helps regulate blood pressure?
Arterioles
73
What is congestive heart failure?
A condition where the heart is unable to pump sufficiently to maintain blood flow.
74
True or False: The left atrium receives blood from the body.
False
75
Fill in the blank: The _______ node is responsible for transmitting electrical impulses to the ventricles.
Atrioventricular (AV)
76
What is the primary role of the inferior vena cava?
To carry deoxygenated blood from the lower body to the right atrium.
77
Multiple Choice: What is a common risk factor for cardiovascular disease?
High cholesterol
78
What is the term for the amount of blood the heart pumps in one minute?
What is the term for the amount of blood the heart pumps in one minute?
79
True or False: The heart has its own electrical conduction system.
True or False:
80
Fill in the blank: The _______ is the outermost layer of the heart.
epicardium
81
What is the role of the pulmonary veins?
To carry oxygenated blood from the lungs to the left atrium.
82
Multiple Choice: Which part of the heart is responsible for pumping blood to the body?
Left ventricle
83
What is a myocardial infarction?
A heart attack caused by the blockage of blood flow to the heart muscle.
84
True or False: Blood type is determined by the presence of antigens on red blood cells.
True
85
Fill in the blank: The _______ is the inner layer of the heart that lines its chambers.
endocardium
86
What is the significance of the sinoatrial node?
It initiates the heartbeat and sets the pace for the heart rate.
87
Multiple Choice: What is the primary purpose of the cardiovascular system?
To transport substances throughout the body.
88
What is a stroke?
A medical condition where blood flow to the brain is interrupted.
89
True or False: The right ventricle pumps blood to the body.
False
90
Fill in the blank: The _______ is the muscle layer of the heart.
myocardium
91
What is the function of the carotid arteries?
To supply blood to the brain.
92
Multiple Choice: Which component of blood is primarily responsible for transporting oxygen?
Hemoglobin
93
What is the purpose of a stethoscope?
To listen to the sounds of the heart and lungs.
94
True or False: Blood always flows in one direction through the heart.
True
95
Fill in the blank: The _______ is the main vein that carries deoxygenated blood from the upper body to the heart.
superior vena cava
96
What is the role of the lymphatic system in relation to the cardiovascular system?
To return excess interstitial fluid to the bloodstream.
97
Multiple Choice: Which condition is characterized by irregular heartbeats?
Arrhythmia
98
What is the primary function of the valves in veins?
To prevent backflow of blood.
99
True or False: Atherosclerosis can lead to heart attack and stroke.
True
100
Fill in the blank: The cardiovascular system is crucial for maintaining _______ in the body.
homeostasis
101
What is the significance of blood type compatibility in transfusions?
Incompatible blood types can cause serious immune reactions.
102
Multiple Choice: Which of the following is NOT a function of the cardiovascular system?
Producing hormones
103
What does the term 'cardiovascular endurance' refer to?
The ability of the heart and lungs to supply oxygen during sustained physical activity.
104
True or False: The heart can function independently of the nervous system.
True
105
Fill in the blank: The _______ is a network of vessels that carries lymph fluid.
lymphatic system
