Cardiovascular System

Question 1

agglutin/o

Answer 1

clumping, gluing

Question 2

immuno

Answer 2

immunity

Question 3

lympho

Answer 3

lymph

Question 4

lymphadeno

Answer 4

lymph gland

Question 5

lymphangio

Answer 5

lymph vessel

Question 6

phago

Answer 6

swallowing/eating

Question 7

splen/o

Answer 7

spleen

Question 8

thym/o

Answer 8

thymus gland

Question 9

-phylaxis

Answer 9

protection

Question 10

localized dilation of blood vessel wall due to a congenital defect or weakness in the blood vessel wall

Answer 10

aneurysm

Question 11

mild to severe pain or pressure in the chest caused by ischemia

Answer 11

angina (pectoris)

Question 12

angina usually results from

Answer 12

atherosclerosis of coronary arteries

Question 13

irregularity or loss of rhythm of the heartbeat

Answer 13

arrhythmia/dysrhythmia

Question 14

arrhythmias occur when

Answer 14

electrical impulses from the conduction system of the heart do not function properly, causing the heart to deviate from the normal heartbeat

Question 15

irregular and random contraction of heart fibers

Answer 15

fibrillation

Question 16

thickening or hardening and loss of elasticity of arterial walls, results in altered functions of tissues and organs

Answer 16

arteriosclerosis

Question 17

most common form of arteriosclerosis, caused by accumulation of fatty substances within arterial walls, resulting in partial/total occlusion

Answer 17

atherosclerosis

Question 18

soft blowing sound heard on auscultation caused by turbulent blood flow

Answer 18

bruit

Question 19

abnormal condition that affects the heart’s arteries and produces various pathological effects, especially reduced O2 and nutrients to myocardium

Answer 19

coronary artery disease

Question 20

aden/o

Answer 20

gland

Question 21

formation of a blood clot in a deep vein, most common in iliac and femoral veins

Answer 21

deep vein thrombosis

Question 22

mass of undissolved matter (blood clot, fatty plaque, air bubble) that travels through the blood stream and blocks a vessel

Answer 22

embolus

Question 23

interference with normal conduction of electrical impulses that control the activity of heart muscle

Answer 23

heart block

Question 24

AV block where atrial impulses are delayed a fraction of a second before going to the ventricles

Answer 24

first degree heart block

Question 25

AV block where occasional impulses from SA node fail to go through to ventricles

Answer 25

second degree heart block

Question 26

electrical impulses from atria fail to reach ventricles, aka complete heart block

Answer 26

third degree heart block

Question 27

when the heart cannot pump enough blood to meet the needs of body tissues

Answer 27

heart failure

Question 28

heart failure can be caused by

Answer 28

myocardial infarction, ischemic heart disease, cardiomyopathy, or dysfunction of other organs

Question 29

consistently elevated blood pressure that is higher than 119/79 mmHg, causing damage to blood vessels and heart

Answer 29

hypertension

Question 30

not enough oxygenated blood to a body part due to an interruption of blood flow

Answer 30

ischemia

Question 31

causes of ischemia

Answer 31

arterial embolism, atherosclerosis, thrombosis, vasoconstriction

Question 32

pieces of mitral valve fail to close completely during systole and lead to back flow of blood

Answer 32

mitral valve prolapse

Question 33

necrosis of portion of cardiac muscle caused by partial/complete occlusion of a coronary artery

Answer 33

myocardial infarction (heart attack)

Question 34

failure of the ductus arteriosus to close after birth, causing abnormal opening between the pulmonary artery and the aorta

Answer 34

patent ductus arteriosus

Question 35

numbness in fingers and toes due to intermittent constriction of arterioles in the skin

Answer 35

Raynaud phenomenon

Question 36

what causes Raynaud phenomenon

Answer 36

cold temps, emotional stress, or other more serious issues

Question 37

streptococcal infection that causes damage to heart valves and heart muscle, common in children and young adults

Answer 37

rheumatic heart disease

Question 38

aggregation of elements attached to the inside of a vein or artery

Answer 38

thrombus (blood clot)

Question 39

temporary interference in the blood supply to the brain that causes no permanent brain damage

Answer 39

transient ischemic attack

Question 40

swollen superficial veins that are visible through the skin and usually occur in the legs

Answer 40

varicose veins

Question 41

deficiency of cellular immunity induced by HIV, characterized by increasing susceptibility to infections, malignancies, and neurological diseases

Answer 41

AIDS

Question 42

malignant disease characterized by painless, progressive enlargement of lymphoid tissue, splenomegaly, and presence of unique Reed-Sternberg cells in lymph nodes

Answer 42

Hodgkin disease

Question 43

Malignancy of connective tissue (bone, fat, muscle, fibrous); associated with AIDS, fatal as it metastasizes to organs

Answer 43

Kaposi sarcoma

Question 44

inflammation and enlargement of lymph nodes, usually as a result of infection

Answer 44

lymphadenitis

Question 45

acute infection caused by Epstein-Barr virus and characterized by a sore throat, fever, fatigue, and enlarged lymph nodes

Answer 45

mononucleosis

Question 46

any of a heterogenous group of malignant tumors involving lymphoid tissue except for Hodgkin disease

Answer 46

non-Hodgkin lymphoma