Cardiovascular System

Question 1

It is formed by the left ventricle and is directed downward, forward and the left.

Answer 1

Apex

Question 2

Part of the heart that lies opposite the apex.

Answer 2

Base

Question 3

the membrane enclosing the heart, consisting of an outer fibrous layer and an inner double layer of serous membrane.

Answer 3

Pericardium

Question 4

the muscular wall of the heart, or the heart muscle.

Answer 4

Myocardium

Question 5

the thin, smooth membrane that lines the inside of the chambers of the heart and forms the surface of the valves.

Answer 5

Endocardium

Question 6

each of the two upper cavities of the heart from which blood is passed to the ventricles.

Answer 6

Atria

Question 7

each of the two main chambers of the heart, left and right.

Answer 7

Ventricles

Question 8

The stout wall that separates the lower chambers (the ventricles) of the heart from one another.

Answer 8

Interventricular Septum

Question 9

the wall of tissue that separates the right and left atria of the heart.

Answer 9

Interatrial Septum

Question 10

a large vein carrying deoxygenated blood into the heart.

Answer 10

Superior Venae Cavae

Question 11

A large vein that receives blood from the lower extremities, pelvis and abdomen and delivers it to the right atrium of the heart.

Answer 11

Inferior Venae Cavae

Question 12

a major vessel of the human heart that originates from the right ventricle.

Answer 12

Pulmonary trunk

Question 13

the artery carrying blood from the right ventricle of the heart to the lungs for oxygenation.

Answer 13

Pulmonary arteries

Question 14

a vein carrying oxygenated blood from the lungs to the left atrium of the heart.

Answer 14

Pulmonary veins

Question 15

the portion of the cardiovascular system which carries deoxygenated blood away from the heart, to the lungs, and returns oxygenated (oxygen-rich) blood back to the heart.

Answer 15

Pulmonary circulation

Question 16

the main artery of the body, supplying oxygenated blood to the circulatory system.

Answer 16

Aorta

Question 17

the part of the cardiovascular system which carries oxygenated blood away from the heart to the body, and returns deoxygenated blood back to the heart.

Answer 17

Systemic circulation

Question 18

valve between an atrium and ventricle of the heart

Answer 18

Atrioventricular valve

Question 19

the valve between the left atrium and left ventricle of the heart, consisting of two triangular flaps of tissue.

Answer 19

Bicuspid Valve

Question 20

valve that is situated at the opening of the right atrium of the heart into the right ventricle.

Answer 20

Tricuspid valve

Question 21

strong, fibrous strings attached to the leaflets (or cusps) of the heart on the ventricular side

Answer 21

Chordae Tendineae

Question 22

each of a pair of valves in the heart, at the bases of the aorta and the pulmonary artery, consisting of three cusps or flaps that prevent the flow of blood back into the heart.

Answer 22

Semilunar valves

Question 23

prevents the blood from flowing back into the right ventricle.

Answer 23

Pulmonary aortic semilunar valves

Question 24

an artery supplying blood to the heart.

Answer 24

Coronary arteries

Question 25

runs in the coronary sulcus between the right atrium and ventricle and opens into the right extremity of the coronary sinus.

Answer 25

Cardiac veins

Question 26

a wide venous channel about 2.25 centimeters in length that receives blood from the coronary veins and empties into the right atrium of the heart.

Answer 26

Coronary sinus

Question 27

a condition marked by severe pain in the chest, often also spreading to the shoulders, arms, and neck, caused by an inadequate blood supply to the heart.

Answer 27

Angina pectoris

Question 28

another term for heart attack.

Answer 28

Myocardial infarction

Question 29

a small body of specialized muscle tissue in the wall of the right atrium of the heart that acts as a pacemaker by producing a contractile signal at regular intervals.

Answer 29

Sinoatrial node

Question 30

controls the heart rate

Answer 30

Atrioventricular node

Question 31

networks of fibers that receive conductive signals originating at the atrioventricular node (AVN), and simultaneously activate the left and right ventricles by directly stimulating the ventricular myocardium.

Answer 31

Purkinje Fibers

Question 32

a small device that's placed in the chest or abdomen to help control abnormal heart rhythms.

Answer 32

Pacemaker

Question 33

an inadequate blood supply to an organ or part of the body, especially the heart muscles.

Answer 33

Ischemia

Question 34

very rapid irregular contractions of the muscle fibers of the heart resulting in a lack of synchronism between heartbeat and pulse

Answer 34

Fibrillation

Question 35

the phase of the heartbeat when the heart muscle contracts and pumps blood from the chambers into the arteries.

Answer 35

Systole

Question 36

the part of the cardiac cycle when the heart refills with blood following systole.

Answer 36

Diastole