Skeletal System Vocab Flashcards
(33 cards)
The bones that form the longitudinal axis of the body.
Axial skeleton
The bones of the limbs and girdles.
Appendicular skeleton
Dense, homogeneous, smooth looking bones.
Compact bone
Composed of small, needle-like pieces of bone and lots of open space.
Spongy bone
Bones longer than they are wide. All bones of the limbs, except the wrist and ankle bones are long bones.
Long bones
Generally cube-shaped and contain mostly spongy bone. Wrist and ankle are short bones.
Short bones
Thin, flattened, and usually curved bones. Two thin layers of compact bone sandwiching a layer of spongy bone. Most bones of the skull, the ribs, and the sternum are flat.
Flat bones
Bones that do not fit one of the preceding categories.
Irregular bones
Makes up most of the bone’s length and is composed of compact bone.
Diaphysis
Fibrous connective tissue that covers and protects the diaphysis.
Periosteum
Thin line of bony tissue spanning the epiphysis that looks a bit different from the rest of the bone in that area.
Epiphyseal line
Bone breaks into many fragments.
Comminuted fracture
Bone is crushed.
Compression fracture
Broken bone portion is pressed inward.
Depressed fracture
Broken bone ends are forced into each other.
Impacted fracture
Ragged break occurs when excessive twisting forces are applied to a bone.
Spiral fracture
Bone breaks incompletely, much in the way a green twig breaks.
Greenstick fracture
A blood-filled swelling forms when blood vessels are ruptured when the bone breaks.
Hematoma
Encloses and protects the fragile brain tissue.
Cranium
.
Occipital bone
Or “spine”, extends from the skull, which it supports, to the pelvis, where it transmits the weight of the body to the lower limbs.
Vertebral column
33 separate bones of the spine, 9 eventually fuse to form the two composite bones, the sacrum and the coccyx.
Vertebrae
Cushion the vertebrae and absorb shocks while allowing the spine flexibility.
Intervertebral discs
Form the neck region of the spine.
Cervical vertebrae
