Cardiovascular System: Blood

Question 1

What type of tissue is blood

Answer 1

connective tissue

Question 2

What percent of blood is made up of plasma

Answer 2

55%

Question 3

what percent of blood if formed elements

Answer 3

45%

Question 4

neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, eosinophils, and basophils are all a type of

Answer 4

leukocyte

Question 5

what percent of your total body weight is made of blood

Answer 5

8%

Question 6

what is used to describe the volume (percentage) of red blood cells in blood

Answer 6

hematocrit

Question 7

what is the condition that results in decreased hematocrit values

Answer 7

anemia

Question 8

what is it called when you have elevated hematocrit levels

Answer 8

physiological polycythemia

Question 9

what is the thin white layer of leukocytes and platelets between the red blood cells and plasma

Answer 9

Buffy coat

Question 10

what are proteins in blood plasma called

Answer 10

colloids

Question 11

what are molecules that ionize in solution (get a positive or negative charge)

Answer 11

electrolytes

Question 12

what are molecules that do not ionize in solution

Answer 12

nonelectrolytes

Question 13

blood plasma proteins are synthesize by what cells

Answer 13

liver cells

Question 14

what is the fluid left over after formed elements are removed

Answer 14

blood plasma

Question 15

what is the fluid left over after formed elevens and clotting factors are removed

Answer 15

blood serum

Question 16

what protein plays a critical role in the transport of oxygen and carbon dioxide

Answer 16

hemoglobin

Question 17

what is it called when an adult has a hemoglobin content of less than 10 grams per 100 mL of blood

Answer 17

anemia

Question 18

what is the formation of red blood cells called

Answer 18

erythropoiesis

Question 19

where does the formation of red blood cells start

Answer 19

in red bone marrow (in adults)

Question 20

what is a glycoprotein hormone that is secreted by the kidneys when oxygen levels are low

Answer 20

erythropoietin

Question 21

how long to RBCs usually last

Answer 21

105-120 days

Question 22

what is transported to bone marrow to recycle

Answer 22

iron

Question 23

what is transported to liver where it is transformed into bile (secreted into the small intestine)

Answer 23

bilirubin

Question 24

what blood type does not contain either antigen A or B

Answer 24

Type O

Question 25

what are you if Rh antigen is present on RBCs

Answer 25

Rh positive

Question 26

what are you if Rh antigen is not present on RBCs

Answer 26

Rh negative

Question 27

what are neutrophils, eosinophils, and basophils

Answer 27

granulocytes

Question 28

what are lymphocytes and monocytes

Answer 28

agranulocytes

Question 29

What is the function of neutrophils

Answer 29

fight against bacterial infections

Question 30

What is the function of eosinophils

Answer 30

protect against infections caused by parasitic worms and involved in regulating allergic reactions

Question 31

What is the function of basophils

Answer 31

they contain histamine (inflammatory chemical) and heparin (anticoagulants)

Question 32

What is the function of T lymphocytes

Answer 32

attacks viruses, cancer cells, and transplanted tissue

Question 33

What is the function of B lymphocytes

Answer 33

produces antibodies against specific antigens

Question 34

What is the function of Natural killer lymphocytes (NK lymphocytes)

Answer 34

it pokes holes in spontaneously arising tumor cells

Question 35

What is the function of monocytes

Answer 35

phagocytic cells that engulf large bacterial organisms and viral-infected cells

Question 36

what is leukopenia

Answer 36

decrease in WBC numbers

Question 37

what is leukocytosis

Answer 37

increase in WBC numbers

Question 38

where does leukopoiesis start

Answer 38

hematopoietic stem cells

Question 39

what plays an important role in hemostasis

Answer 39

platelets

Question 40

what is the process that slows and stops bleeding when a vessel is injured

Answer 40

hemostasis

Question 41

vasoconstriction, platelet plug formation, and blood clotting (coagulation) are the three phases of what

Answer 41

hemostasis

Question 42

activation pathway (intrinsic and extrinsic), thrombin formation, and fibrin clot formation are the three phases of what

Answer 42

coagulation

Question 43

what is the series of reactions beginning with factors normally present outside of the blood (damaged tissue)

Answer 43

extrinsic clotting pathway

Question 44

what is the series of reactions that begin with factors normally present in the blood

Answer 44

intrinsic pathway

Question 45

what stage does prothrombin activator cause prothrombin to be converted into thrombin

Answer 45

thrombin formation

Question 46

what stage does thrombin cause fibrinogen to become fibrin and then fibrin will begin to polymerize and tangle together to form a web

Answer 46

fibrin clot formation

Question 47

what are fibrinogen and prothrombin synthesized by

Answer 47

the liver

Question 48

what do many clotting factors require

Answer 48

calcium

Question 49

perfectly smooth surface of the endothelial lining of blood vessels, blood containing antithrombins, and "blood-thinning" drugs are conditions that do what

Answer 49

oppose clotting

Question 50

rough spot in the endothelium, abnormally slow blood flow, and coagulation continues through a positive feedback loop are conditions that do what

Answer 50

encourage clotting

Question 51

what is the breakdown of clots called

Answer 51

fibrinolysis