Cardiovascular System Lectures Flashcards
(24 cards)
What are the three factors responsible for the resultant blood pressure?
- Cardiac output
- Peripheral resistance
- Blood volume
Which factor of blood pressure is the structure and function of the heart responsible for?
Cardiac output
Which factor of blood pressure is the structure and function of the blood vessels responsible for?
Peripheral resistance
Which factor of blood pressure is regulation of fluid compartments responsible for?
Blood volume
What cells compose the “buffy coat”?
Leucocytes and platelets
Where in the circ. system is most (roughly 60%) of the blood located?
In the veins
What is the “blood reservoir” of the body?
The veins
In which region of the body is most of the blood located in at any given time?
In the abdominal organs and the kidneys
Where are the tricuspid valves located
Between the atria and the ventricles.
What type of valves are the AV valves?
They are tricuspid valves
What type of valve is the aortic valve?
A semilunar valve
What type of valve is the pulmonary valve?
A semilunar valve
Where are the semilunar valves located?
Between the right ventricle and the pulmonary artery as well as between the left ventricle and the aorta.
What are the three tissues making up the walls of the heart?
- Pericardium
- Epicardium
- Myocardium
What is the innermost heart tissue called?
The myocardium
What is the outermost heart tissue called?
The pericardium
What do the coronary arteries branch off of?
The aorta
What is ischemia?
Insufficient blood flow
What are some of the various causes for coronary arterial disease?
Atherosclerosis
Blood clot
Drugs
Surgery
What is atherosclerosis?
Buildup of fat in the coronary arteries
What is the treatment for CAD?
What forces determine the volume of different compartments in the capillaries?
- Osmosis
- Osmotic colloidal pressure
- Hydrostatic pressure
What is caused by a failure to regulate the fluid compartments?
An oedema, a build up of fluid in a region of the body
