Cardiovascular System - Unit 3

Question 1

lumen

Answer 1

cavity/space within the vessel

Question 2

tunic

Answer 2

vessel wall

Question 3

3 types of tunic

Answer 3

tunica interna, tunica media, and tunica externa

Question 4

type of tunic. inner lining of vessel wall. slick, shiny thin membrane. decreases friction between blood and wall

Answer 4

tunica interna

Question 5

type of tunic. thick mid-layer. sm mus that provides strength. vasoconstriction+vasodilation. arteries have elastic CT

Answer 5

tunica media

Question 6

type of tunic. areolar CT which binds to tissues. outer-layer.

Answer 6

tunica externa

Question 7

decrease blood flow from a decrease lumen diameter

Answer 7

vasoconstriction

Question 8

increase blood flow from increase lumen diameter

Answer 8

vasodilation

Question 9

large vessels that carry blood away from heart

Answer 9

arteries

Question 10

microscopic arteries

Answer 10

arteriol

Question 11

smallest vessel that have tunica internal

Answer 11

capilaries

Question 12

3 types of capillaries

Answer 12

continuous, fenestrated, sinusoids

Question 13

continuous capillaries

Answer 13

most common and least premeable

Question 14

fenestrated capillary

Answer 14

in glands+kidney, more leaky/premeable. endothelial cells have pores called fenestrations.

Question 15

sinusoids (capillaries)

Answer 15

in liver, spleen, and bone marrow. leaky/premeable. endothelial cells have large fenestrations and large gaps between cells. cells cross walls. LEAST COMMON.

Question 16

interconnected web-like netweork of capillaries within a tissue. atrerioles carry blood here then venules drain blood out.

Answer 16

capillary bed.

Question 17

large blood vessels that cary blood to heart. thin walls (Tunica media), BP is slowest. contain valves orientated to maintain blood flow to heart

Answer 17

veins

Question 18

varicose veins

Answer 18

vein with dysfunctional valve which causes blood backflow and pooling. common in lower limbs.

Question 19

venules

Answer 19

microscopic veins.

Question 20

anastomoses

Answer 20

vessels that interconnect others to help reroute blood. can be arteries, veins, arterioles, and venules.

Question 21

vasa vasorum

Answer 21

blood vessels in walls of larger vessels

Question 22

BP Gradient

Answer 22

BP differential bw 2 ends of a vessel/circut in body (drive blood flow) (blood flows high to low)

Question 23

Vascular Resistance

Answer 23

friction between blood and vessel wall. slows bld flow)

Question 24

blood flow = (equation)

Answer 24

(BP Gradient) / (Vascular resistance)

Question 25

Vascular Resistance

Answer 25

friction between blood and vessel wall. slows bld flow)

Question 26

factors affecting vascular resistance: (3)

Answer 26

vessel diameter, vessel length, blood viscocity

Question 27

BP in systemic arteries during ventricular systole (contracting)

Answer 27

systolic BP

Question 28

BP in systemic arteries during ventricular diastole (relaxed)

Answer 28

diastolic BP

Question 29

sphygmomanometer

Answer 29

BP Cuff

Question 30

Mean Arterial Pressure (MAP) =

Answer 30

average BP in systemic arteries (1/3 sys + 2/3 dias)

Question 31

Reflex control of BP

Answer 31

BP receptors are in walls of carotid arteries and aorta

Question 32

Pulse Pressure =

Answer 32

Systolic - Diastolic