CARDS

Question 1

Norm urine and norm stols suggest which type of liver dysfucntion

Answer 1

prehepatic

Question 2

def of pneumoconioses

Answer 2

rxn to inhaled inorganic dusts 0.5- 5 mm in size

Question 3

hx for pt with chronic back pain

Answer 3

trauma/fall
e: activity, rest
waking
wt loss
fever, chills, rigors
numbness, parasthetia in legs/butt
pmh
meds
social

Question 4

mc type of hernia overall

Answer 4

indirect inguinal hernia

Question 5

which Ab is increased in antiphospolipid syndrome

Answer 5

anti-cardiolipin ab

Question 6

clin f of HSP

Answer 6

abdo pain
jt pain
palpable purpuric rash distributed on buttock and legs bilaterally
recent URTI

Question 7

Staphylococcus scaleded skin syndrome causative organism

Answer 7

staph aureus

Question 8

lab findings for testosterone secreting tumor

Answer 8

decreased LH
increased testosterone

Question 9

XR findings in ankylosing spondylitits

Answer 9

subchondral erosions, sclerosis and squaring of limbar vertebrae

Question 10

most useful ix in confirming ank spond

Answer 10

Plain XR of scaroiliac jts

Later disease: sacroilitis, squaring of lumbar verebrae, bamboo spine, syndesmophytes

Question 11

Ix in suspected ank spond

Answer 11

Plain XR of sacroiliac joints –> if inconclusive then MRI

Also do CXR to ID pulmonary fibrosis, kyphosis, ankylosis

Question 12

mng of ank spond

Answer 12

Regular exercise
NSAIDS
Physio
DMARDS only if peripheral involvement

Question 13

https://d32xxyeh8kfs8k.cloudfront.net/images_Passmedicine/xrb081b.jpg

Answer 13

typical appearance of bamboo spine with a single central radiodense line related to ossification of supraspinous and interspinous ligaments which is called dagger sign. Ankylosing is detectable in both sacroiliac joints

Question 14

hallmark radiographic appearances of osteoarthritis.

Answer 14

Joint space narrowing, osteophytes and subchondral cysts

Question 15

radiographic appearances of rheumatoid arthritis

Answer 15

Marginal erosions, soft tissue swelling and periarticular osteoporosis

Question 16

radiographic finsiongs in ghout

Answer 16

Soft tissue swelling, punched-out bone lesions and overhanging sclerotic margins

Question 17

SFX azathioprine

Answer 17

bone marrow suppresion
N/V
Pancreatitis
increased risk of non melanoma skin ca

can interact with allopurinol

Question 18

conduction dysphasia

Answer 18

fluent speech
repition poor
comprehension intact

Question 19

Wernickes dysphasia

Answer 19

difficultly understanding written and spoken language but itact speech fluency

Question 20

Broca’s dysphasia

Answer 20

loss of language production but can comprehend

Question 21

mng of medication overuse ha

Answer 21

simple analgesia and triptans: stop abruptly
oppiods: withdraw gradually

Question 22

differentiating between primary and secondary aldosteronism

Answer 22

renin levels. high renin then secondary cause more likely like renal artery stenosis

Question 23

classic features of an acute haemolytic transfusion reaction

Answer 23

fever, hypotension, bleeding (suggesting coagulopathy), and dark urine (suggesting haemoglobinuria)

Question 24

first-line management for laryngospasm.

Answer 24

Continuous positive airway pressure with 100% oxygen using a tight-fitting face mask

Question 25

gold standard for investigating suspected intra-abdominal injuries in paediatric trauma

Answer 25

CT abdo

Question 26

VTE mng in pregnancy

Answer 26

LMWH are first line in antepartum and early postpartum UFH is alternative but not preferred