Caries risk assessment and Prevention Planning Flashcards
(51 cards)
What is caries
multifactorial, dynamic process caused primarily by
the complex interaction of cariogenic bacteria with
fermentable carbohydrates on a tooth surface over time
Caries occurs when
the net demineralising flux prevails
over the net remineralisation flux
Caries risk factors are
Anything that affects this balance
Caries balance- pathological factors that result in demineralisation ie caries?
Acid producing bacteria
Sub normal saliva flow and/function
Frequent eating/drinking of fermentable carbohydrates
Poor oral hygiene
Caries balance-
Protective factors resulting in remineralisation ie no caries?
Saliva flow and components
Remineralisation (fluoride, calcium, phosphate)
Antibacterials (flouruide, chlorhexadine, xytilol)
Good oral hygiene
What is the caries risk in NI?
Decay in primary and permenant teeth
Children’s dental health
survey (CDHS), UK 2013
Obvious decay at
5 years
NI 40 percent
Obvious decay at
15 years
England 31% 32% 44%
Northern Ireland 40% 57% 72%
What is the caries risk in NI?
Decay in primary and permenant teeth
Children’s dental health
survey (CDHS), UK 2013
Obvious decay at
12 years
57 percent
What is the caries risk in NI?
Decay in primary and permenant teeth
Children’s dental health
survey (CDHS), UK 2013
Obvious decay at
15 years
72 percent
What percentage of
12 year olds
15 year olds
reported experiencing difficulty eating
in the past three months.
22 percent of 12 year olds
19 percent of 15 year olds
What percentage of 12 year olds and 15 year olds reported to be embarrassed to smile or laugh due to the condition of their teeth?
35 percent of 12 year olds
28 percent of 15 year olds
What percentage of parents of 15 year olds reported that their child’s oral health has impacted on family life in the past 6 months?
35 percent
What percentage of parents off 15 year olds took time of work because of their child’s oral health in that period?
23 percent
When does the first caries risk assessment occur?
By 1 year of age or when first tooth erupts
Children can be classified as … caries risk
Low or high
Caries risk assessment is
And it predicts
Comprehensive assessment using medical dental and social status for risk of caries development
Also predicts the rate of disease progression
What are some Some Evidence Based Risk Indicators
SDCEP, 2018
*Previous Caries experience (any decayed, missing or filled teeth)
*Visible plaque on maxillary incisors is excellent predictor in young children
*Caries in primary teeth increases caries risk in permanent teeth
*Resident in an area of deprivation
*Caries/restorations in anterior teeth
. Healthcare worker’s opinion
When should caries risk assessment be carried out?
*Should be done regularly as can change/ is non static
*Caries risk assessment is undertaken as part of the
history and examination and
*Determination of caries risk assessment should be
undertaken before formulating a treatment plan
Caries risk assessment factors to consider… History?
. Diet
*Drinks- Use of sweetened drinks regularly/bottle in bed
*Previous and current caries experience
*Significant Medical History e.g. Special needs, chronic ill
health (increased risk of developing disease or increased
risks associated with management of disease), regular
sugar containing medication.
*Salivary flow, xerostomia, previous radiation
*Poor oral hygiene
*Fluoride usage
*Family caries
experience (consider parents, siblings)
*SES and mother’s education
*Regular dental attendance
Caries risk assessment factors to consider - dental
*Visible plaque
*Gingivitis
*Hypomineralisation/ hypoplasia of enamel
*Deep pits/ fissures
*Defective restorations
Caries risk assessment factors to consider
Other
Radiographic caries
High caries risk
CO
Toothache, yellow teeth
Low caries risk
CO
No concerns
High caries risk
HPC
Low caries risk
Nocturnal pain
——
High caries risk
PMH
Sugar containing medications
Medications causing xerestomia
Autism
