Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Paeds > Classification and types of dental trauma > Flashcards

Classification and types of dental trauma Flashcards

(55 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

Incidence of trauma?

A

31-40% of 5-year-old boys
 16-30% of 5-year-old girls
 12-33% of at 12-years-old boys
 4-19% of at 12-years-old girls

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Predisposing factors for dental trauma?

A

 2M: 1F
 Increased overjet
 Lip competency
 Age –peak
- 2-4 years
- 8-10 years

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Causes of dental injuries in children?

A

 2M: 1F
 Overjet
 Lip competency
 Age –peak
 2-4 years
 8-10 years

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Incidence of tooth fractures?

A

 Enamel 31%
 Dentine 45%
 Pulp 5%
 Root 0.5%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Incidence of displacement injuries?

A

 Concussed / Loose / Displaced< 10%
 Avulsion 0.5%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Dental history for dental injuries in children

A

 History of the accident and the person
 Accompanying adult/guardian
 When -If delay why?
 Where -Future litigation
 How –Direct / Indirect
 Other injuries
 Head injury –headache, vomiting, amnesia, dehydration
 Medical assessment indicated?

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Dental history for dental injuries in children continued …

A

 Lost teeth or fragments
- Chest X-Ray
- Soft tissues
 History of previous trauma?
 Age of child
- state of eruption
- previous position of teeth
 Fasting?
 Previous dental experience

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Medical history for dental injuries in children

A

 Medical Complications
- Cardiac
- Bleeding disorders
- Allergies –Penicillin
- HIV, Hepatitis
- Tetanus vaccination
 Social History
- Interaction with parent

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Extra-oral examination for dental injuries in children?

A

 Swellings
 Asymmetry
 Bones-zygoma (eye signs), mandible (ROM)
 Skin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

I/O examination for dental injuries in children

A

Soft Tissues
- Lacerations
- Haematoma

Hard Tissues
- Supporting structures
- Haematoma, tenderness, deformity, opening

Teeth
-Fractures, displacements, number, occlusion, mobility, TTP

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Classification of trauma- Ellis classification

A
  1. Enamel fracture
  2. Enamel and dentine fracture
  3. Pulpal exposure
  4. Non-vital
  5. Avulsion
  6. Root-fracture
  7. Displacement
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

WHO classification of dental injuries in children

A

 Injuries to the hard dental tissues and the pulp
 Injuries to the periodontal tissues
 Injuries to supporting bone
 Injuries to the skin, gingiva or oral mucosa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Injuries to the hard dental tissues and pulp

A

Infraction
Enamel fracture
Enamel dentine fracture- Uncomplicated crown fracture
Enamel dentine fracture- Complicated crown fracture
Uncomplicared crown root fracture
Complicated crown root fracture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Infraction ?

A

 Incomplete crack of enamel - no loss of tooth substance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Diagnosis of infraction

A

 Trans-illumination may be useful

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Enamel fracture?

A

Loss of tooth structure confined to enamel

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Diagnosis of enamel fracture?

A

 Visual examination
 Normal mobility
 Not TTP
 Sensibility test – usually positive

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Enamel dentine fracture- Uncomplicated crown fracture

A

Loss of tooth substance confined to enamel and dentine not
involving the pulp

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Diagnosis of enamel dentine fracture- Uncomplicated crown fracture

A

 Visual examination
 Normal mobility
 Not TTP
 Sensibility test – usually positive but may have transient negative
response

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What is enamel dentine fracture- complicated crown fracture

A

Fracture of enamel, exposing the pulp

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Diagnosis of enamel dentine fracture- complicated crown fracture

A

 Visual examination
 Normal mobility
 Not TTP
 Sensibility test –usually positive, lack of response
initially indicates increased chance of pulp necrosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What is an uncomplicated crown root fracture

A

Fracture of enamel, dentine and cementum but not involving the pulp

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What is a complicated crown-root fracture

Study These Flashcards
A

Fracture of enamel, dentine, and cementum,
exposing the pulp

24
Q

Diagnosis of complicated crown-root fracture?

Study These Flashcards
A

 Visual – crown fracture extending below gingival
margin
 Tender to percuss
 Coronal fragment mobile

25
Diagnosis of a displaced root fracture?
* Visual examination - Coronal fragment may be mobile and possibly displaced * Tooth may be tender to percuss * Sensibility test –often negative
26
Injuries to the periodontal tissues ?
Concussion Subluxation Extrusive luxation Lateral luxation
27
What is concussion?
No abnormal loosening or displacement but TTP
28
What is diagnosis for concussion?
 Visual – undisplaced  No increased mobility  Tender to touch  Usually positive sensibility test  No radiographic abnormalities
29
What is subluxation?
Tooth has increased mobility but no displacement
30
Diagnosis for subluxation?
 Visual - no displacement  Increased mobility  Tender to percuss  Sensibility may be negative  No abnormal radiological findings
31
What is extrusive luxation?
partial displacement of tooth from socket
32
What is lateral luxation
 displacement other than axially  Along with comminution or fracture of alveolar plate
33
What is the diagnosis for extrusion?
 Tooth appears elongated  Tender to percuss  Significant increased mobility  Often negative sensibility test  Radiograph –Tooth appears displaced, apical portion of socket empty
34
What is the diagnosis for lateral luxation?
 Displaced usually palatally or labially  Percussion test may give a high sound  No mobility  Often negative sensibility test  Radiograph –Widened PDL space
35
What is intrusion?
displacement into bone, with comminution or fracture of alveolar plate
36
What is the diagnosis for intrusion
 Tooth is displaced axially up into the bone with no mobility  Percussion gives a high metallic tone  Sensibility – usually negative  Radiographs - tooth appears displaced - obliteration of pdl space
37
What is avulsion?
Complete displacement of tooth from socket
38
What is diagnosis
 Visual -Tooth not present!  Check not severe intrusion
39
Injuries to the supporting bone
 Comminution / fracture of alveolar socket wall  Fracture of mandibular or maxillary alveolar process  Fracture of mandible or maxilla
40
Injuries to the skin, gingiva or oral mucosa?
Laceration Contusion Abrasion
41
Laceration?
Wound resulting from a tear
42
Contusion?
Bruise, no break in mucosa, usually causing submucosal haemorrhage
43
Abrasion?
Superficial wound produced by scraping or rubbing of surface
44
Lacerations- things to check
Check for through and through lacerations Explore for missing fragments  Degloving lacerations
45
Findings for lacerations
Degloved gingiva, rolled appearance
46
Findings for lacerations
Degloved gingiva, rolled appearance
47
What are the baseline investigations for lacerations?
Examination  Palpate  Position  Colour  Mobility  Percussion  Sensibility – Thermal – Electrical Include adjacent teeth
48
Radiographic investigations for lacerations - what to consider
 Periapicals  Anterior occlusal  DPT  E/O views as indicated  Soft tissue view if missing fragments + laceration  Clinical Photographs
49
What is included in a dental trauma review (date and time is recorded)
Colour Soft tissues Mobility TTP Percussion tone Ethyl chloride EPT X ray Root treatment
50
Non-accidental injury - pointers
 Delay in presentation  Inconsistent or changing history  Other bruising (different ages)  Torn labial frenum  Burns  Bitemarks  Relationship with parents
51
Prevention of dental injuries? and how does it prevent
Mouthguards
52
What do mouthguards do?
Prevent many injuries and decrease severity
53
What is important about mouthguards?
Type of mouthguard ie. custom fit or sports shop alternatives
54
Mouth protectors must be
 Fully extended and occlusal accommodated  Sufficient thickness in critical areas
55
Benefit of mouth protectors?
 Crowns, alveolus and roots and soft tissues protected  Retentive and comfortable

Paeds (11 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions