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Caries Symposium Flashcards

1
Q

what aspects must be present for caries to occur

A

tooth
saliva
bacteria
time

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2
Q

what are the seven elements of caries risk

A

clinical evaluation
medical history
social history
fluoride use
saliva
diet
plaque control

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3
Q

what is DMFT

A

decayed missing and filled teeth in the permanent dentition

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4
Q

what is dmft

A

decayed missing and filled teeth in the primary dentition

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5
Q

name three pieces of clinical evidence that would make a child high risk for caries

A

caries in 6s at 6
dmft more than or equal to 5
if there are three new carious lesions in 3 year period

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6
Q

what would make a child high risk for caries with regards to their diet

A

3 intakes of sugar per day

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7
Q

what is the action of fluoride

A

fluoride incorporated into enamel crystals to form fluoro-apatite which is more caries resistant
bactericidal role
affects adhesion force of bacteria

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8
Q

what two drug side effects may make oral hygiene more difficult

A

xerostomia
mucositis

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9
Q

what is a white spot lesion

A

demineralisation stays within enamel
has the ability to remineralise with good OH

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10
Q

what is the Stephan Curve

A

shows the relationship between pH and time in mouth

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11
Q

from what age should the use of a feeding cup with a free flow spout rather than a bottle be recommended

A

6 months

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12
Q

what fluoride strength toothpaste should enhanced prevention kids be getting under 10

A

1450 ppmF

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13
Q

what fluoride strength toothpaste should enhanced prevention kids be getting over 10

A

2800ppmF

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14
Q

what fluoride strength toothpaste should enhanced prevention kids be getting over 16

A

5000ppmF

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15
Q

what is ICDAS

A

international caries detection and assessment system

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16
Q

what is D1 vs D3

A

D1 = all visibly detectable lesions
D3 = lesions extending into dentine

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17
Q

what are the four aspects of ICCMS (formally ICDAS)

A

classification
management
history
decision making

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18
Q

what is cervical burnout on an xray

A

caused by relative lower xray absorption on the mesial or distal aspect of teeth between the edge of enamel and the adjacent crest of alveolar ridge

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19
Q

what are the types of caries

A

pits and fissure caries
smooth surface
root
approximal
secondary

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20
Q

what are rampant caries

A

more than 10 new lesions per year

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21
Q

what can be placed as a space maintainer from losing a primary molar (E)

A

distal shoe placed on the D before the FPM has erupted so it cannot tilt into the space

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22
Q

when can IDBs be used

A

6 years old or 6s erupting

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23
Q

name benefits of rubber dam use

A

decrease damage to soft tissues
decrease risk of inhalation
increased isolation and moisture control
retraction for gingivae and cheeks

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24
Q

give five methods of caries removal

A

hand excavation
rotary instruments
chemo-mechanical removal
air abrasion
lasers

25
what is suitable management of an occlusal non-cavitated lesion in kids
complete caries removal and restoration PRR seal caries with FS
26
what management strategies are there for an occlusal cavitated lesion in primary teeth
complete caries removal and restoration PRR seal caries with hall crown if no cooperation - provide prevention or make lesion self cleansing
27
what are the management strategies of an approximal lesion in primary teeth
complete caries removal and restoration PRR seal caries with hall crown if no cooperation - provide prevention and make lesion self cleansing
28
what are management strategies for anterior cavitated lesions in primary anteriors
complete caries removal PRR provide prevention
29
what is the management strategy for a grossly carious unrestorable tooth without pain
provide prevention XLA
30
what is the mercury regulation treaty
Minimata treaty
30
what is in the Minimata treaty that is relevant to dentistry
no amalgam in primary teeth no amalgam in persons under 25 no amalgam in pregnant and breastfeeding women
31
name restorative options for primary molars
composite stainless steel crowns GIC RMGIC
32
what are indications for preformed crowns
more than 2 surfaces affected extensive 2 surface lesions space maintenance developmental defects
33
what are the steps for a traditional preformed metal crown
give LA remove caries cut mesial and distal slice reduce occlusal surface enough to allow a straight probe to passed through when teeth are in occlusion select correct size of preformed metal crown place with GIC remove excess and clear contacts with floss
34
how do you make a lesion in a primary tooth self cleansing
only enamel and carious dentine removed using high speed apply fluoride varnish
35
what are indications for discing of primary anteriors
exfoliation time close child is pre-cooperative extensive superficial minimal interproximal
36
what is the technique for interproximal discing of primary anteriors
sandpaper discs used to taper the interproximal edges (narrow incisally) round of proximal surfaces polish and fluoride varnish
37
what are indications for strip crowns in primary anteriors
enamel hypoplasia amelogenesis imperfecta dentinogenesis imperfecta labial and interproximal caries
38
what should be provided where there is an enamel lesion developing on a FPM that is next to a carious E
provide preformed crown or hall crown on the E
39
when is the ideal time for XLA of the 6s if need be
start of calcification of bifurcation of unerupted 7s ideally all premolars and 3rd molars present
40
what is SDF
colourless liquid - BUT TURNS BLACK 44, 800ppmF SDF occludes dentinal tubules to relive sensitivity silver acts as antibcaterial fluoride promotes remineralisation
41
what are contraindications for SDF
signs of infection symptoms caries into pulp inflamed/ ulcerated gingiva
42
describe the procedure for placing SDF
place petroleum jelly on the soft tissues and lips moisture control with cotton wool dry tooth single capsule per patient apply to tooth wait to dry for 1 minute continue with isolation for 3 minutes
43
what is TETS
temporary elective tooth separation
44
what is CPP-APP
brand name tooth mousse caesin phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium photsphate
45
what does CPP ACP do
remineralises subsurface enamel casein peptides dissolve into plaque and calcium
46
what are the three steps of ICON
etch the lesion dry the lesion with ethanol infiltrate the lesion
47
name three topical management systems of caries
fluoride application CPP-APC SDF
48
what are IV agents used in GA for children
propofol
49
what are the levels of anaesthesia
induction excitement surgical anaesthesia respiratory paralysis/ overdose
50
what is Gillick competence
children under 16 can consent if they are perceived to have sufficient maturity and judgement to enable them to fully understand what is proposed
51
what should a referral for GA state
patient name, address, contact numbers MH GP details parental responsibility justification for GA proposed tx plan previous tx details recent radiographs
52
what is the fluoride concentration for fluoride varnish
22, 600 ppmF
53
name four factors determining anticaries rate of fluoride toothpaste
fluoride conc frequency of application rinsing habits when brushing takes place
54
what are the micrbiological stages in caries progression
adhesion survival and growth biofilm formation complex plaque acid caries
55
what is Koch's postulates
microbe must be present in every case of the disease microbe must be isolated from the diseased host and grown in pure culture disease must be reproduced when pure culture is introduced into susceptible host
56
name virulence factors of S mutans
adhesins binding proteins sugar modifying enzymes polysaccharides acid tolerance and adaptation
57
what is stepwise caries removal
2 stage technique firstly, caries is removed in soft dentine then a temp restoration applied then at next visit the temporary material is removed along with the rest of the caries and the permanent restoration is applied

FINALS (25 decks)

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