cartilage

Question 1

characterstics of cartilage?

Answer 1

resilient, flexible, pliant nature

Question 2

the cells of cartilage are?

Answer 2

chondrocytes

Question 3

the space that chondrocytes occupy are called?

Answer 3

lacunae

Question 4

special feature of ground substance of cartilage

Answer 4

sulfated glycosaminoglycans

Question 5

the dense irregular connective tissue surrounding the cartilage is called?

Answer 5

perichondrium

Question 6

two layers of perichondrium

Answer 6

outer fibrous

inner cellular

Question 7

fibrous layer of perichondrium contains what type of collagen fiber?

Answer 7

type I

Question 8

function of fibrous layer?

Answer 8

the blood capallaries that supply the o2 and nutrient to chondrocytes is located in the fibrous layer of perichondrium also lymph vessels and nerves

Question 9

what is cellular layer called?

Answer 9

chondrogenic layer

Question 10

function of chondrogenic layer?

Answer 10

chondrogenic layer differntiates into chondroblast which divide and differentiate into chondrocytes and provide the growing cartilages or repairing cartilages with chondrocytes

Question 11

2-4 chondrocytes are called?

Answer 11

isogenous groups

Question 12

what does chondrocytes produce?

Answer 12

collagenous and non collagenous components also produces elastin

Question 13

what enzyme does chondrocytes produce in ECM

Answer 13

metalloproteinases

Question 14

function of metalloproteinases

Answer 14

degrade the ECM to englarge lacunae to fit more isogenous groups and chondrocytes

Question 15

cytoplasm of chondrocytes stains….? and why?

Answer 15

basophilic and cause of RER

Question 16

what does ECM of cartilage contains

Answer 16

1. collagenous
2. non collagenous proteins
3. hyaluronan
4. adhesive glycoproteins (chondronectin and fribronectin)
5. proteoglycan (aggrecan)

Question 17

types of cartilage?

Answer 17

hyaline
fibro
elastic

Question 18

appearance of hyaline cartilage

Answer 18

pearly white, translucent glassy appearance

Question 19

location of hyaline cartilages in body

Answer 19

1. fetus
2. children and young adults epiphyseal cartilage
3. laryngeal cartilage (cricoid cartilage, thyroid cartilage, arytenoid cartilage)
4. wall of trachea and bronchi
5. costal cartilage (anterior ends of ribs)
6. articular cartilage
7. nasal cartilage

Question 20

components of ECM of hyaline cartilage ?

Answer 20

collagen, hyaluronan, adhesive glycoprotein (chondronectin and fibronectin), aggrecan

Question 21

what type of collagen fiber is present in hyaline cartilage

Answer 21

type II AND XI

Question 22

how much water is present in hyaline carti

Answer 22

60-80%

Question 23

what gives the resiliency to hyaline cartilage

Answer 23

the water content

Question 24

different regions of ECM of hyaline carti

Answer 24

pericellular matrix
territorial matrix
interterritorial matrix

Question 25

where is pericellular matrix present and how it stains and why it stains that way?

Answer 25

immediately outer area of cell membrane stains highly basophilic because devoid of colagen fiber II and chiefly amount of sulfated proteoglycans

Question 26

how territorial matrix stains?

Answer 26

very basophilic

Question 27

how interterritorial matrix stians?

Answer 27

lightly basophilic

Question 28

shape of chondrocytes in central region of ECM

Answer 28

(isogenous)spherical ovoid in shape flattened on adjacent sides

Question 29

shape of chondrocytes in periphery

Answer 29

elliptical (singly)

Question 30

shape of chondrocytes subperchondrial

Answer 30

elongated and narrow

Question 31

what is articulating cartilage?

Answer 31

the articulating surfaces of synovial joints are covered by hyaline cartilage and these cartilage are called articulating cartilage

Question 32

4 zones of articulating cartilages

Answer 32

superficial middle zone deep zone highly calcified zone

Question 33

another name for superficial zone

Answer 33

tangential zone

Question 34

tangential zone makes up %

Answer 34

10-20%

Question 35

type of collagen fiber present in tangential zone

Answer 35

type II

Question 36

CHONDROCYTES in tangential zone are arranged in what way

Answer 36

parallel to articulating surface

Question 37

another name for middle zone

Answer 37

intermediate zone

Question 38

% that makes up the intermediate zone

Answer 38

40-60%

Question 39

what type of collagen fiber present in intermediate zone?

Answer 39

type two

Question 40

chondrocytes in middle zone are arranged in what way

Answer 40

oblique to free surface

Question 41

what else does middle zone contains?

Answer 41

aggrecans and collagen type II (thicker than superficial zone)

Question 42

% THAT makes up the deep zone?

Answer 42

30%

Question 43

how collagen fibers and chondrocytes are arranged, what way? in deep zone

Answer 43

perpendicular to columns of chondrocytes | and perpendicular to free surface

Question 44

% of calcified zone ?

Answer 44

10-20%

Question 45

function of calcified zone?

Answer 45

it connects the articular carti with the bone tissue by anchoring collagen fibril of deep zone to subchondral bone

Question 46

which cartilage is not surrounded by perichondrium?

Answer 46

articular and fibro

Question 47

type of collagen fiber in fibrocarti?

Answer 47

type 1

Question 48

fibrocarti generallyy stains?

Answer 48

acidophilic

Question 49

locations of fibrocartilage

Answer 49

intervertebral disk disk of pubic symphysis intra articular disk of sternoclavicular and temporomandibular joints menisci of knee joint

Question 50

type of collagen fiber in elastic cartilage?

Answer 50

type II

Question 51

distinctive feature of elastic cartilage?

Answer 51

branching and anastomosing dense elastic fibers

Question 52

location of elastic cartilage

Answer 52

``` external auditory meatus cartillage of epiglottis larynx auricle of external ear auditory tube ```