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Cas 490T Flashcards

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1
Q

Culture

A

The set of values, beliefs, ways of thinking and behaving, rituals and institutions of a group or population

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2
Q

Ethnicity

A

The group we belong to

  • you can participate in a culture that is associated with an ethnicity even if you are not apart of that ethnicity
  • you can be a part of an ethnicity and not be culturally/highly competent in that ethnicity
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3
Q

Macroethnic

A

Terms that tend to cover up diversity

Can lead to stereotyping

Ex. Hispanic, African American, Asian American

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4
Q

Etic

A

The application of a theory, model, construct developed for one group to another group

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5
Q

Emic

A

You develop a theory or model for a group and you apply it to that group

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6
Q

Heterogeneous

A

Variation and diversity between and within groups; in research this might appear as the study of differences between specific ethnic groups

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7
Q

Homogeneous

A

Uniformity and standardization; in research, this might manifest as aggravating or clustering data for different groups together

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8
Q

Overgeneralization

A

generalizing or extrapolating beyond appropriate limits; might appear as extending concepts, interpretations and or conclusions based on research findings from a single study to an entire ethnic group

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9
Q

Underrepresentation

A

Groups are represented in disproportionately low numbers

-lesser number than what actually exists

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10
Q

Stereotype

A

Form of an overgeneralization

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11
Q

Between group comparisons

A

Comparing, analyzing and or understanding similarities and differences between groups

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12
Q

Within group comparison

A

Analyzing and or understanding similarities and differences within a single group

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13
Q

Woman are weaker than men

Women are more emotional than men

A

Stereotype

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14
Q

CHAD majors in csuf have different career paths

Immigrant vs non immigrant

A

Within group

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15
Q

Men are underrepresented in childcare fields

A

Underrepresentation

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16
Q

Making assumptions or expectations based on a person’s ethnicity or appearance

All Asians get good grades

A

Overgeneralization

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17
Q

Differences between generations within a group

A

Heterogeneous

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18
Q

Creating a self esteem measurement for a specific group and then applying it to that group

A

Emic

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19
Q

U.S race census

Limited and overgeneralizes by grouping ethnicities

A

Macro ethnic

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20
Q

All Mexicans speak Spanish

A

Homogeneous

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21
Q

An American psychologist goes to China to study school system and comes back to u.s. uses that to teach u.s. students

A

Etic

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22
Q

Ethnic identity

A

Component of an individual’s overall identity

An Awareness of being a member of a particular ethnic or cultural group and the voluntary adoption of certain values and behaviors associated with that group

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23
Q

Self categorization and labeling

A

Self-identification as a member of a particular ethnic group

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24
Q

Commitment and attachment

A

Sense of belonging, attachment, or affective commitment to a particular ethnic group

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25
Exploration
Seek information and experiences relevant to a particular ethnic group
26
Ethnic behaviors
Ethnic-based practices and social interactions
27
Evaluation and in group attitudes
Feelings towards a particular ethnic group
28
Values and beliefs
Part of ethnic identity
29
Importance and salience
The importance and relevance attributed to ones ethnic identity
30
Ethnic identity and national identity
Consideration of the relationship between one’s ethnic identity to the larger national culture or identity
31
Ethic labeling
- individuals may use several different self-labels or categories - the use of various self-labels can be situational or context-dependent and van also be based on personal background and characteristics Ex. Same person might used the labels: Korean, korean American, Asian Another person might use: Mexican, mexican American, Chicano, Latino etc
32
Primary reasons for contemporary immigration to the u.s.
MOST COMMON: ECONOMIC- come here to work, so children will have a better education, etc -political: seeking asylum
33
Assuming trends continue, the U.S population will increase to
438 million in 2050 from roughly 300 million in 2005 82% of the increase will be due to immigrants arriving during that time period and their u.s. born descendants
34
According to pew research center,
1 in 5 (20%) Americans will be an immigrant in 2050 compared to 1 in 8 (12%) in 2005
35
The latinx population, the nations largest minority group will account for
Most of the nations population growth from 2005-2050
36
The latinx population is projected to be ___ of the U.S. population in 2050
29% (almost doubling in size)
37
In 2010: 308 million people in the us 40 million immigrants (about 13%) —> about 11 million immigrants are UNDOCUMENTED
1 out of 4 immigrants in the U.S. is undocumented
38
In 2010: 37 million people in CA | 10.2 million immigrants in CA
1 out of 4 people that live in ca are immigrants 1 out of 4 immigrants living in the u.s. live in ca
39
California has the largest number and highest proportion of immigrants of any state
The majority (90%) of ca’s immigrants are from Latin America (55%) and Asia (35%)
40
The leading counties of origin in 2010:
1. Mexico (4+ million) 2. The Philippines (800k) 3. China (700k)
41
In 2009, ___% of births in ca were to immigrant mothers
40%
42
Key factors to consider for immigrants
- generational status - age of arrival - language shift
43
Generational status
1st generation: (immigrants) born in another country 2nd generation: (child of immigrants) at least one immigrant parent 3rd generation: (non immigrant) neither parent is an immigrant
44
Age of arrival
Has been shown to be a CRITICAL FACTOR Adult or child?
45
Language shift
By the 3rd generation - monolanguage: English
46
What are some key considerations when thinking about and studying immigrant families?
- sociocultural change within the family - the psychological experience of immigration - developmental outcomes of immigrant children
47
Developmental outcomes to consider for children and adolescents from immigrant families?
- Cognitive development (enhanced functioning) - Language development (bilingualism) - psychosocial development (biculturalism) - social development (identity)
48
Acculturation
Dynamic process that occurs when two or more autonomous (independent/separate) groups are in constant contact with each other Change in one or both cultures can occur depending on the power relationship between them
49
Marginal man theory (stonequist)
- unidimensional - assimilationist - subtractive - cultural deficit 2 outcomes: marginal or assimilated 1. If the person gives up dominant culture and acquires host culture they are considered assimilated 2. If the person keeps dominant culture, they are considered marginal 3. If the person keeps dominant culture and acquires host culture, they are still considered marginal
50
Bidirectional model (Ramirez& castañeda)
- bidimensional - additive - acculturative - culturally responsive 4 outcomes: traditional, marginal, assimilated, acculturated/bicultural Determined by competence levels in both immigrant and host cultures
51
Multidimensional model of cultural identity (de la Garza)
1. Does not have specific outcomes 2. You have cultural domains 3. Multiple ethnicities being represented (more than 2) - assess cultural domains - allows for the consideration of multicultural identity - language is represented as a cultural domain but other domains are equally represented
52
Biculturalism
The integration of the competencies and sensitivities associated with 2 cultures within a single person
53
What are 4 characteristics of bicultural individuals?
- tendency to be psychologically well adjusted (positive coping mechanisms) - tendency to be open minded and tolerant (can see the world in at least 2 perspectives, more open to differences) - more likely to be bilingual - tendency to act as “cultural brokers” for others (trading and exchanging cultures)
54
Language brokering
Occurs when children or adolescents almost always from immigrant families engage in activities that position them between adult family members and other adults Interpreters or translators
55
Brokering implications for children, adolescents and families
- language development ( often emerge as bilinguals) - cognitive development (decision making) - moral development (conflict resolution) - familial roles, interactions & socialization - psychological well-being (stress) - academic performance & development
56
Fundamental dimensions of family interaction used to define parenting styles used to define parenting styles
- acceptance or emotional tone - firmness or methods of control - autonomy
57
Autonomy
Refers to how much parents tolerate and encourage their child’s sense of individuality
58
Firmness
The degree and consistency of parental limits on the child’s behavior
59
Acceptance or emotional tone
The degree to which the child feels loved and valued and supported by his or her parents another way to think about this dimension is relative warmth or hostility of the home environment
60
Parenting styles
- authoritative - authoritarian - permissive - neglecting/uninvolved
61
Key factors for parenting among ethnic minorities in the United States
- warmth: the expression of physical and emotional support and love - behavioral control:The management of children’s behavioral functioning through the use and consistent enforcement of rules and expectations - psychological control: The management of children’s emotional or psychological processes through the use of parental psychological and emotional processes (shame, guilt,etc) - monitoring: Parental supervision and knowledge of children’s location activities and friends - Communication: Frequency and nature of conversations and discussions between parents and children - parental self efficacy: Parents’ perceived ability to be incompetent parent

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