Case 8 - Schizophrenia Flashcards
(59 cards)
what is under the classification of schizophrenia
the serious brain disorders that are neither organic brain disorders or severe mood disorders
how many people in the population will have a schizophrenia diagnosis at some point in their life
1%
200 per 100000
20 per 100000 - incidence
what is the downward social drift
higher incidence in inner city, low socioeconomic environments. however it is thought that schizophrenia itself may cause this socioeconomic depravation - because the average patient has a lower than average status, but the patients usually have an average socioeconomic status
when is the peak incidence in men and women
18-25 in men
25-30 in women
equal incidence in men and woman
what are the tendencies of a child who develops schizophrenia in later life
withdrawn, eccentric, clumsy
what is the prodromal period
for a period, before true symptoms develop, the indiivudl may show other symptoms such as:
- loss of interest
- social withdrawal
- self neglect
- depression
- anxiety
- brief psychotic episodes
what does a long prodromal period mean
that the diagnosis is delayed and these situations is when the prognosis is poor
what is the general risk
1%
what is the risk if sibling has the condition
9%
what is the risk if parent has the condition
13%
what is the risk if both parents have condition
45%
what have studies shown about women and their children when mother has schizophrenia
that environmental factors are negligible. children kept away from their mother are at the same risk of developing the condition as those who grew up with their birth mother
what do obstetric complications show
found an increased incidence in those who go onto develop the condition. this suggests that some kind of developmental abnormality may be present
what kind of people may have increased likelihood of developing schizophrenia
people with sensitive personalities. some people have a tendency to perceive criticism harshly and to interpret non-critical comments as criticism
what are predisposing factors
periods of increased stress
periods of intense emotion
increased levels of criticism from friends and family
drugs
what are the symptoms divided into
positive symptoms
negative symptoms
cognitive symptoms
mood disturbance
what are the positive symptoms
delusions
hallucinations
thought disorder
disorganised speech and behaviour
what are auditory hallucinations
the most common symptoms - can take on several forms:
third person: talking about the individual who heads them. may be single or multiple voices. these are the most common type. the voices are often critical with treatment these voices may not go away, but they become quieter and contain more positive content
thought echo: the individual hears their thoughts spoken out loud, either simultaneously or just afterwards
second person: talking to the individual - can occur in many other mental disorders
NOTE: auditory hallucinations in which the person talks to the voice they hear are most commonly the result of TRUAMA or are fictitious
what are passivity experiences
the patient believes that their movements, emotions or will is being altered in a similar way to the thought issues, for example they believe their movements are also being controlled
what is incongruity of affect
the patient may burst out laughing or become very angry for no reason, or they may have inappropriate emotional responses
what is neologism
they may make up a new word, or hive an existing word a new meaning that is only apparent to the individual and does not make sense. they may keep repeating the word.
what is word salad
the form of the sentences makes no sense at all. the words are mixed up, in the wrong place
what is flight of thought
this is where the patient moves quickly form one idea to another, often half way through a sentence, with no apparent association between ideas
what is knights move thinking
patient moves from one idea to another with strange illogical associations between ideas
