Case Studies Flashcards
(6 cards)
Developing - EQ
Haiti 2010, 7.0 mag
A destructive plate margin between the Caribbean and North American plates
220,000 people dead, 1.3 homeless, 200,000 homes damaged
$14bn damage
Low levels of governance meant that the vulnerability was higher, as emergency systems were undeveloped and protection wasn’t built into infrastructure which meant that the high pop density lead to massive death rates in Port au Prince
Developed - EQ
Christchurch 2011, 6.3 magnitude
Conservative plate boundary between the pacific plate and Australian plate
100,000- buildings damaged
10,00 buildings were demolished due to the extent of destruction
$40 bn damage Low levels
185 deaths
Response= build back better campaign to revise building codes and regulations to improve structural integrity to improve the built environment, increase community resilience ands decrease infrastructure vulnerability
Developed- volcanoes
Eyjafjallajokull, Iceland 2010,
Eruption caused the melting of large amounts of ice, leading to flooding in southern Iceland
The interaction of magma and water created a plume of very fine volcanic ash and gas over 10 km high which spread out and was carried by winds which caused thick clouds of ash to circulate over Europe
Airlines lost a combined total of £130 mn per day in lost revenue, Kenya’s economy lost £2.8 bn cuz fights to Europe were cancelled which means that farmers can’t sell the flowers and food abroad.
As a result of staff being stranded abroad, meetings were cancelled and delays to air mail, many businesss worldwide lost money.
Governance= evacuated 500 local cattle farmers and their families, warned the farmers to not let their livestock drink contaminated water, instructed people to water googles and face masks as the ash was so ‘thick’.
Despite this having global econmic impacts, this is invalid as money can always be regained whereas lives cannot.
Developing- volcanoes
Congo 2002, lava flow reached 40mph
12,500 homes destroyed
15% of Goma was covered in lava
80% of the airstrips at goma international airport were covered in lava
Majority 200 deaths caused by carbon monoxide
400,000 people evacuated to avoid lava flow
Secondary impacts= refugee camps were overcrowded as many of the 120,000homeless could not afford to rebuild their homes, chlora poor hygiene
Developed- tsunami
Tohoku EQ and tsunami, 9.0 mag on Richter scale caused when pacific tectonuc plate is subducted under North American plate, triggered an underwater EQ wich caused a tsunami where waves over 40m to travel inland
The waves destroyed protective tsunami sea walls at several locations, Fukushima plant exploded which spurred Germany to shut down its nuclear stations
230,000 people lost homes,15,891 dead, $300 bn damages most expensive natural disaster in world history
Governance= Japan levitating building pendulum
Developing= tsunami
Indian Ocean tsunami 2004, Boxing Day
9 mag Richter scale, subduction of the Indonesian-Australian plate under the Eurasian plate,when this happened thee sea floor was pushed upwards disaplcing a huge volume of water and creating the tsunami which had global effects
Indonesia, death toll 170,000, entire communities were wiped out
Thailand, 8000 deaths, major tourist infrastructure was damaged in areas lie khao lak and Phuket
Countries with low lying topography, Maldives experienced greater damage from flooding which lead to the inundation of small islands
