case study nigeria economic world Flashcards
(20 cards)
Where is Nigeria located?
Nigeria is located in West Africa, bordered by Benin (west), Niger (north), Chad (northeast), and Cameroon (east). It has a southern coastline along the Gulf of Guinea, giving access to international trade routes.
What is Nigeria’s global importance?
Nigeria is the 12th largest oil producer in the world, with oil accounting for over 90% of export earnings. It is part of the MINT group (Mexico, Indonesia, Nigeria, Turkey), which are emerging economic powers.
What is Nigeria’s population and economic status in Africa?
Nigeria is the most populous country in Africa with over 223 million people (2024 est.) and has the largest economy in Africa with a GDP of approximately $477 billion in 2023.
What is the political context of Nigeria?
Nigeria gained independence from Britain in 1960 and has a history of military rule and civil war. Since 1999, it has had stable democratic elections, but corruption and terrorism still affect development.
What is the social context of Nigeria?
Nigeria is multi-ethnic with over 500 ethnic groups, divided along religious lines (mainly Muslim north and Christian south). There is widespread inequality in wealth, health, and education.
What are some cultural aspects of Nigeria?
Nigeria is home to Nollywood, a major film export industry, and has global influence in music (Afrobeats) and literature. It has rich traditions in art, fashion, dance, and festivals.
What are the environmental challenges in Nigeria?
Environmental challenges include water pollution from oil spills, air pollution in urban areas, deforestation, and loss of biodiversity.
How has Nigeria’s industrial structure changed?
In 1999, agriculture was 70% of GDP; now it is less than 30%. There has been growth in manufacturing and services, including textiles, cement, and financial services.
What is the impact of manufacturing in Nigeria?
Manufacturing boosts other sectors, generates formal employment, tax revenue, and skills, attracts foreign direct investment (FDI), and improves infrastructure.
What are the advantages of TNCs like Shell in Nigeria?
Shell provides direct and indirect employment for over 65,000 people, supports infrastructure, brings expertise and training to locals, and invests in community development programmes.
What are the disadvantages of TNCs like Shell in Nigeria?
Disadvantages include oil spills damaging ecosystems, profits being largely repatriated, disruption of communities, and accusations of exploitation and poor regulation.
What are Nigeria’s main exports?
Nigeria’s main exports are crude oil, petroleum products, and natural gas.
What political organizations is Nigeria a member of?
Nigeria is a member of OPEC, the Commonwealth, the African Union, and ECOWAS.
What types of international aid does Nigeria receive?
Nigeria receives multilateral aid from the World Bank and IMF, bilateral aid from the UK, USA, and China, and support from NGOs like ActionAid and WaterAid.
What are some positive impacts of international aid in Nigeria?
UK aid helped educate 10 million children from 2011–2015, Nets for Life provides anti-malarial mosquito nets, and the World Bank provided $500 million to improve maternal health services.
What challenges does international aid face in Nigeria?
Challenges include corruption limiting effectiveness, short-term or unsustainable aid projects, and reliance on aid undermining local initiative and governance.
What are the negative environmental impacts of economic development in Nigeria?
Negative impacts include oil spills contaminating water and soil, air pollution from traffic and industry, deforestation, and industrial waste dumped in rivers.
What positive steps have been taken to address environmental issues in Nigeria?
Laws have been introduced to reduce gas flaring, and environmental protection agencies have been established, though enforcement is weak.
How has economic development affected quality of life in Nigeria?
GNI per capita increased from $300 (2000) to over $2,000, with improvements in life expectancy, school enrolment, and urban infrastructure.
What ongoing challenges does Nigeria face despite economic development?
Ongoing challenges include a large urban-rural divide, over 60% of people living on less than $1.90/day, high youth unemployment, and unreliable healthcare, electricity, and sanitation.
