Castile - Country Kingdom

Question 1

County of Castile

Answer 1

During the
transformation of the
Asturias to the
Kingdom of León the
western county of
Castile became
increasingly
independent.

Question 2

Crown of Castile

Answer 2

In the 12th and early
13th Castile and León
were united multiple
times culminating in the
unified Crown of
Castile.
Under the Crown, the
Taifas of Cordoba,
Murcia, Jaen and
Seville were conquered.

Question 3

“Emperor of the Two Religions.”

Answer 3

After the conquest of Toledo in
1085, King of Leon and Castile,
Alfonso VI, negotiated the
preservation of Toledo mosque
and academies of learning. He
possibly adopted the title

Question 4

The fall of the Taifa of Toledo

Answer 4

prompted remaining Taifas to
seek Almoravid assistance from
N. Africa, leading to the rise of
Almoravid and Almohad alAndalus.

Question 5

Corpus toletanum

Answer 5

The translations

Question 6

Gerard Cremona

Answer 6

translates Avicenna (Ibn Sina) early 11th C Canon of Medicine. The translation is the origin of many modern anatomical terms like diaphragm, orbit, pupil.

Question 7

El Cid

Answer 7

introduced as being exiled from the Kingdom of Castille by King Alphonso for unknown reasons. He stops to say goodbye to his family, his wife Jimena and daughters Elvira and Sol. He is deeply upset. El Cid is described as fearless, physically superior, honesty, dignity, justice, generous, loyal. El Cid and his men attack various towns seeking only wealth. He gives away mn el-cid

Question 8

Valencia

Answer 8

Cid conquers Valencia from Muslim ruler in 1094 and establishes independent pluralistic city state nominally under Alfonso of Castile with large Muslim and Christian communities.

Question 9

Cantar (Poemo) de Mio Cid

Answer 9

story oldest preserved Castillian epic poem

Question 10

Alfonso X

Answer 10

In the 13th Century, under Alfonso X of Castille Latin won ´t be the final language, but Castilian. The most prominent ruler in the Crown of Castile in Alfonso X.

Question 11

adhaan

Answer 11

the first Islamic call to prayer, usually recited by a muezzin at five times of the day in a mosque, traditionally from a minaret.

Question 12

muwashshah

Answer 12

(girdled/sash)

Question 13

kharja

Answer 13

“the spice of the muwashshaḥa, its salt, its sugar, its musk and its ambrosia,”

Question 14

zajal

Answer 14

Shout

Question 15

Cantigas Book of Games

Answer 15

Made by Alfonso x translated by Sonja Musser Galladay

Question 16

Mudejar

Answer 16

any of the Muslims who remained in Spain after the Reconquista, or Christian reconquest, of the Iberian Peninsula