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Flashcards in Categorization Deck (8)
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1
Q

Classical View of Categorization

A
  • We categorize things based on defining features
  • Necessary & Sufficient Conditions
  • Necessary: If you do not satisfy conditions, then you are not a member of the category.
  • Sufficient: If you satisfy conditions, then you are a member of the category. No nonmember satisfies conditions.
2
Q

Prototypes

A
  • Build a central, ideal, prototypical idea as an archetypal example
  • List features that are typically associated with the prototype
  • Calculate similarity of new examples to prototype
  • Key Point: these are probabilistically associated, NOT necessary or sufficient.
3
Q

Exemplar View

A
  • Store many exemplars & their categories rather than a single, prototypical example
  • Calculate similarity of new examples to old ones
4
Q

Multidimensional Scaling Approach

A

Represent items by:

  • Dimensions
  • Values on dimensions (think graph-axis)
  • Calculate the distance on these dimensions (e.g. pythagorean theorem)
5
Q

Tsversky’s Model (1977)

A
  • Similarity
  • Calculate common & distinct features
  • Subtract each object’s distinct features
6
Q

Alignment-Based Model

A
  • Attributes
  • Relations
  • It’s a matter of what goes with what
7
Q

Theory Theory

A
  • Causation & causal relations

- These plan an explanatory role

8
Q

Transformational Distance

A
  • Count number of operations required to transform one entity so it is identical to the other