Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

GCSE History- Elizabethan England > Catholic Threat > Flashcards

Catholic Threat Flashcards

(75 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

When does Mary Queen of Scots arrive in England

A

1568

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

How is Mary Queen of Scot’s related to Elizabeth

A

They’re cousins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What religion did Mary QoS grow up as

A

Catholic
Born to Catholic Mother
Aged 6 Mary is sent to live in Catholic France

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Describe Mary QofS childhood up to 1560

A

Born 1542, her father James V is King of Scotland
Her father dies when she was a baby
Mary was crowned Queen of Scotland but her mother acted as regent as she was too young
1548- Sent to Catholic France aged 6
1558- Married Prince Francis aged 15
1559- Francis becomes King of France but dies a year later

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is the first sad thing to happen to Mary QofS childhood

A

Her father dies when she’s a baby

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Regent meaning

A

Someone appointed to step in as monarch for reasons including the real monarch bing too young
When Mary’s father died she became Queen as a baby so her mother acted as regent

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Who does Mary first marry but why is it tragic

A

Prince Francis, aged 15
He becomes King in 1559 but dies the next year

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

When does Mary return to Scotland after spending most of her childhood in France

A

1561 (just after her husband the King of France dies)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Who is the second person Mary marries and when

A

Lord Darnley, 1565
After just returning back to Scotland

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

When does Mary have her first son and who with

A

1566 with Lord Darnley

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Who is Mary’s son

A

Future James V1 of Scotland

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Who is Rizzio and why is he stabbed to death

A

Mary’s Italian secretary
Stabbed to death in 1566 by Mary’s husband Lord Darnley after being ‘too familiar’ with her

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Who is Rizzio

A

Mary’s Italian secretary
Gets ‘too familiar’ with Mary so Darnley stabs him to death in 1566

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Describe Mary’s life upon returning to Scotland in 1561 up to 1566

A

1565 Mary marries Lord Darnley
they have a son, future James V1 of Scotland, in 1566
Shortly after Mary is seen to be ‘too familiar’ with her Italian secretary Rizzio so Darnley stabs him to death

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Which 3 people did Mary marry and when

A

Prince Francis 1558 (dies 1560)
Lord Darnley 1561 (dies 1567)
Bothwell 1567

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

How does Lord Darnley Mary’s second husband die

A

He is staying in a house in Edinburgh ill with smallpox
The house was blown up

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What was the fist Catholic plot and when

A

Rebellion of the Northern Earls 1569

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

How did Parliament respond to the Papal Bull of 1570

A

Treason Act 1571

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What was the Treason Act 1571 and why was it needed

A

1570 Papal Bull is introduced by Pope giving Catholics permission to remove Elizabeth from the throne
The Treason Act counteracted this to reduce the Catholic threat

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What was the Papal Bull 1570

A

Document containing instructions from the Pope to all Catholics to remove Elizabeth from throne

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

3 things the Treason Act did

A

Made it treasonable to declare Elizabeth as not the lawful Queen
Treasonable to publish any Papal Bull
Confiscated property of Catholics who fled abroad and didn’t return within 12 months

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

List 4 Catholic plots and the years they occurred in

A

Rebellion of Northern Earls 1569
Ridolfi Plot 1571
Throckmorton Plot 1583-84
Babington Plot 1586

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What year was the Ridolfi Plot

A

1571

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What year was the Throckmorton Plot

A

1583-84

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
What year was the Babington Plot
1586
26
When Mary arrives to England in 1568 what options does Elizabeth have to do with her (remember she wants to do whatever will help keep her position as Queen most secure)
Send her back to Scotland Keep her prisoned in England Execute her Help her regain the Scottish throne Acknowledge her as Elizabeth's heir Send Mary to France
27
What does Elizabeth do to Mary when she flees to England in 1568
Holds her captive
28
What did all of the Catholic Plots have in common
Wanted to overthrow Elizabeth to replace her with Catholic Mary as Queen and help re establish Catholic faith
29
Who led the Rebellion of the Northern Earls
2 powerful Catholic Lords Earl of Westmoreland and Northumberland
30
What did the Earl of Westmoreland and Northumberland plan to do (but was found out about) that triggered the rebellion of the Northern Earls
Get rid of E from throne Mary marries Duke of Norfolk and is put on the throne
31
Events of Rebellion of Northern Earls 1569
4600 men march south to Durham cathedral and destroy the English Bible However Elizabeth found out about it and got an army together to stop the march Northumberland + over 800 rebels executed
32
How many rebels were executed after the Rebellion of the Northern Earls
Over 800
33
Why did the Rebellion of the Northern Earls fail
Earls had lack of support- nearby Catholic nobles stayed loyal to Elizabeth No foreign support Elizabeth well prepared and sent troops to stop the march
34
Who organised the Ridolfi plot
Ridolfi
35
Plan for Ridolfi plot
Spanish army would land and help English Catholics overthrow Elizabeth and make Mary Queen. Involved help from Duke of Norfolk, the Pope, King Phillip of Spain and the Spanish Ambassador
36
Why did the Ridolfi Plot fail
William Cecil and Francis Walsingham discovered the plan Ridolfi and Spanish ambassador were expelled from the country and Norfolk imprisoned
37
Why did the Ridolfi plot fail
Francis Walsingham and William Cecil discovered the plan Ridolfi (in charge of plot) was expelled from the country 
38
Who was Mary meant to marry in Rebellion of the Northern Earls
Duke of Norfolk
39
What triggered the rebellion of the Northern Earls
Mary arriving in England 1568 gave hope to many English Catholics of getting a Catholic monarch Earls of Westmoreland and and Northumberland planned to despose Elizabeth from the throne then for Mary to marry the Duke of Norfolk and become Queen Elizabeth's spies found out about the plan so Norfolk was sent to the Tower and the 2 Earls started a rebellion
40
How many men marched south to Durham cathedral in the Rebellion of the Northern Earls
4,600
41
Which 4 people did the Ridolfi plot rely on help from
Duke of Norfolk, Pope, King Phillip 11 of Spain, Spanish ambassador
42
Who organised the Throckmorton plot
Throckmorton (English Catholic)
43
Plan for Throckmorton plot
French Catholics invade England and free Mary from where she is prisoned They will be backed by Spanish and Papal money
44
Why did the Throckmorton plot fail
Discovered by Walsingham and Cecil before it could happen Throckmorton was executed
45
Which 3 plots were found out about before they could happen
Ridolfi plot 1571 (Ridolfi and Spanish ambassador expelled from country) Throckmorton plot 1583-84 (Throckmorton executed) Babington Plot 1586 (Babington executed and Mary executed in 1587)
46
What happens in the Babington plot
Letters written in Cather code between Mary and Babington with plan to overthrow Elizabeth Intercepted by Walsinham's spy network Proof of Mary's involvement in treason Babington and 6 other plotters executed
47
What year was Mary executed and why
1587 There was evidence (through intercepted letters in the Babington Plot) that she was involved in treason However Elizabeth holds it off slightly as she is slightly reluctant to order the death of her own cousin
48
What is meant by treason
Plotting against the Monarch or government
49
What did Mary's execution cause Phillip 11 to push ahead with
Plans for the Spanish Armada
50
Did Mary's execution have a big or small impact
Quite small No more Catholic plots occurred for rest of Elizabeth's reign (perhaps they were scared of being executed) Encouraged King Phillip 11 to go ahead with his plan for the Armada
51
How did the Treason Act 1571 mark a change in Elizabeth's policies towards Catholics
Before she had been quite neutral towards them but now she was going to properly punish them if they went against her (she needed to limit their power in response to the Papal Bull)
52
True or false, Elizabeth's responses was a key reason why all the plots failed
True She had a good spy network which discovered all the plots before they could happen (expect the Rebellion of the Northern Earls where she got an army together to stop them when she found out about it) She then arrested/ executed/ punished most of the leaders Northumberland, Babington and Throckmorton all executed Ridolfi expelled from country
53
What was significant about the Babington Plot compared to all the other plots
Evidence for Mary's direct involvement through intercepted letters (she was found guilty of treason which led to her being executed) All the other times there was no proper physical proof of her involvement so Elizabeth didn't execute her (this would've created an uproar with Catholics and maybe weakened her position as Queen even more despite no longer having Mary as a motive for Catholics to get rid of Elizabeth)
54
What was the aim of all the Catholic plots
Get rid of Elizabeth from throne, replace her with Mary (As a result of this England will become Catholic)
55
Why did Elizabeth continue to resist executing Mary until after the Babington Plot
Didn't want to spark invasion from abroad (France and Spain both Catholic and most powerful countries in Europe) Didn't want more rebellions against her as this could further weaken her position as Queen She had no real evidence against Mary until the intercepted letters in the Babington Plot (even though she acted as a motive for Catholics to try and remove Elizabeth from the throne there was no evidence that she was involved in this/ trying to help them/ wanted this (yet it is unlikely that she wouldn't have been in favour of what they were doing)
56
What was a Jesuit
Member of the 'society of Jesus founded' 1540 Aim to fight against Protestants, support Pope and carry out missionary work (promote Catholic religion)
57
When did Jesuits start arriving in England
1580s
58
Why were Jesuits a threat when they started arriving in England in 1580s
Main aim was to destroy Protestantism (Elizabeth was Protestant so this may involve them trying to get rid of her as Queen) Swore oath of loyalty to Pope (were prepared to become martyrs and die for their cause of helping to convert England to Catholicism)
59
What was meant by recusancy
People rebelled against Elizabeth's religious settlement by refusing to attend church services (everyone was expected to attend church on holy days e.g Sunday)
60
How did Elizabeth punish recusants (those who refused to attend church)
Punished them First introduced in Religious Settlement of 1559 where they were fined 1 shilling a week 1581 fine increased to £20 (with Jesuits arriving in the country and Catholic plots she needed to act more harshly against Catholics who went against her religious settlement to try and reduce their threat) Also made treasonable offence to attempt to convert people to Catholicism
61
What did Elizabeth do in 1581 to punish Catholics more harshly for recusancy
Increased fine from 1 shilling a week to £20 Made treasonable to attempt to convert anyone to Catholicism
62
Who were Seminary Priests
Those trained in Roman Catholic colleges to become Priests (Some were martyrs) Tried to convert people to Catholic
63
Where were Seminary Priests trained before being sent to England to try and re- establish the Catholic faith
Flanders
64
How did Elizabeth respond to a large number of Seminary Priests being sent to England to try and re- establish the Catholic faith
1585 Law made for Seminary Priests to leave country, if not were sentenced to death
65
What year did Seminary priests first arrive in England (this was before Jesuits who started arriving in 1580s)
1574
66
Who was Edmund Campion
A Jesuit 1580 arrived in England to try and secretly convert people to Catholic Hung drawn and quartered 1581 (when made treasonable to try and convert people to Catholic as he was doing just this despite the law)
67
Why was Edmund Campoion hung, drawn and Quartered in 1581
This was when it was made treasonable to attempt to try and convert anyone to the Catholic faith yet he was a Jesuit doing just that
68
List all of the acts put in place to punish Catholics/ help stop spread of Catholics becoming a problem
1571 Treason Act (To stop power that catholics had been given from Pope in Papal Bull 1570-treasonable to publish any Papal Bull or to not declare Elizabeth as the rightful Queen and any Catholics who fled abroad and don't return within 12 months had their property confiscated) 1581- Recusancy fines increased to £20 + treasonable to try and convert anyone to the Catholic faith (as Jesuits which had started arriving in England in 1580s and Seminary Priests which started arriving in 1574 were doing) 1585- Law for all Jesuits to leave the country, if not they were killed
69
2 Laws put in place 1581 to reduce Catholic threat
Recusancy fines increased to £20 Treasonable to try and convert anyone to Catholic faith
70
Law put in place 1585 against Catholics
All Jesuits and seminary priests must leave country, if not they were killed
71
What year is the end to all internal Catholic plots against Elizabeth (plots in England)
1587 When Mary Queen of Scots is executed as Catholics fear getting executed themselves
72
What key event sets forward the Spanish Armada
Mary's execution 1587
73
What do all plots rely on but is never delivered
Promise of foreign troops and money
74
Why does Mary Queen of Scots come to England in 1568
She has been kicked out of her own country by the people of Scotland and was forced to abdicate in favour of her Protestant son who would become King Scotland has turned Presbyterian
75
Why Mary isn't executed until 1587
No real proof or evidence she is involved with the plots or treasons Elizabeth didn't want to be responsible for causing death of cousin and heir Beloved executing Queen of royal blood would go against Gods will Worried it would anger English Catholics to spark further rebellions Could cause Spain/ France to take action against England

GCSE History- Elizabethan England (7 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions