Elizabethan Government

Question 1

What year was Elizabeth born

Answer 1

1533

Question 2

Who were Elizabeth’s parents

Answer 2

King Henry v111
Anne Boleyn

Question 3

Who was Elizabeth’s cousin

Answer 3

Mary Queen of Scot’s

Question 4

Was Elizabeth Catholic or Protestant

Answer 4

Protestant

Question 5

2 monarchs before Elizabeth

Answer 5

Edward V1 (hale brother)
Mary 1 (half sister)

Question 6

Year Elizabeth becomes Queen

Answer 6

1558

Question 7

When was Elizabeth’s coronation

Answer 7

1559

Question 8

Features of Elizabeth’s coronation

Answer 8

Dressed in full state regalia (had sceptre and orb)
Loud musical instruments and cheering (pageants were performed)
Took place in Westminster Abbey London
Colourful and splendid event shows off her power and wealth

Question 9

4 key parts of Elizabeth’s popularity

Answer 9

Coronation
Portraits
Character
Progresses

Question 10

What were Royal progresses

Answer 10

Elizabeth toured country in summer months and stayed with wealthy nobles with free food, drink, accommodation and entertainment
Acted as propaganda service to make Elizabeth seen by her subjects and would cause large crowds to gather who applauded her

Question 11

3 key Elizabethan portraits

Answer 11

Pelican portrait
Armada portrait
Rainbow portrait

Question 12

How did Elizabeth use portraits to increase popularity

Answer 12

Propaganda- presented as powerful and wealthy
Symbols display wisdom and beauty
Always portrayed as being young and in good health
Displayed picture of Monarch that people would follow and admire

Question 13

What was Elizabeth’s character like

Answer 13

Intelligent
Displayed masculine traits
Had lots of key skills e.g learnt Greek, French, Latin and Italian

Question 14

Key feature of Pelican portrait

Answer 14

Elizabeth wears Pelican brooch- shows Elizabeth will sacrifice herself to the people and country (protect them in war etc)

Question 15

Key feature of Rainbow portrait

Answer 15

Elizabeth holds rainbow- represents peace, hope, love etc

Question 16

What was the Royal Court

Answer 16

Centre of all political power
Consisted of Elizabeth, servants and courtiers
Royal Court travelled with Queen on her progresses

Question 17

Patronage meaning

Answer 17

Elizabeth grants special favours to Nobles in exchange for loyalty
(E.g Nobles might want to gain important position in local government)

Question 18

What did patronage lead to

Answer 18

Court factions
(Rivalry between courtiers where they split off into different groups and Elizabeth can favour one over the other)

Question 19

Privy council meaning

Answer 19

Elizabeth’s chief advisors ministered and appointed by the Queen

Question 20

How often did the Privy council meet

Answer 20

2- 3 times a week (frequently)

Question 21

Examples of what Privy council discussed when they frequently met

Answer 21

War, religion, marriage etc (things they would advise Elizabeth on)

Question 22

Examples of Privy Councilers

Answer 22

Francis Walsingham
Robert Dudley
William Cecil
Robert Cecil
Christopher Hatton

Question 23

Main reason why Elizabeth met with Parliament

Answer 23

Tax, law
(Also Mary Queen of Scots, religion, marriage, succession and foreign affairs)

Question 24

How often did Elizabeth meet with Parliament

Answer 24

Almost never
Only 13 times over 45 year reign

Question 25

Main residence in London

Answer 25

Whitehall Palace

Question 26

True or false, Elizabeth could close Parliament if she wanted to

Answer 26

True E.g if they displeased her like asking about marriage

Question 27

One reason why Parliament was more powerful than Elizabeth (other than that she was more powerful as she called it when she wanted to and could close it down)

Answer 27

Had power to raise money through taxation

Question 28

Two houses in Parliament

Answer 28

Lords Commons

Question 29

Role of JP in local governmnet

Answer 29

Maintain law and order in local area Report to Lord Lieutenants Role taken on by rich countrymen to improve status 30-60 per county E.g oversee maintenance of highways, give licenses to beggars Oversee work of parish constable/ night watchman/ overseer of poor

Question 30

Who did JPs report to

Answer 30

Lord Lieutenant

Question 31

2 examples of specific things JPs did

Answer 31

Oversee maintenance of highway Give licenses to beggars

Question 32

Most high up important role in local government

Answer 32

Lord Lieutenant

Question 33

Role of Lord Lieutenant

Answer 33

Held by Nobles (and Often by Privy Councillors) Report to Queen what's happening in local area Supervise work of JPs Control local milita 1 per county

Question 34

2 types of lesser officers

Answer 34

Parish Constable Night Watchman

Question 35

Role of Lesser official (Parish constable/ Night watchman)

Answer 35

Lasts 1 year Held by tenant/ farmer Report to JPs Keep an eye on inns/ ale houses

Question 36

2 roles of local government that report to JPs

Answer 36

Lesser official (parish Constable/ Night watchman) Overseer of poor

Question 37

Role of overseer of poor

Answer 37

Collect poor rate

Question 38

Overall role of local government

Answer 38

Maintain law and order in local area E.g check for criminals, collect poor rate, oversee maintenance of highways, give licenses to beggars etc

Question 39

One key example of court faction due to patronage

Answer 39

Between William Cecil and Robert Dudley Cecil didn't want war and was Protestant Dudley wanted war and was Puritan

Question 40

What key things did Elizabeth have to consider when she became Queen

Answer 40

Religion- whether to put forward a Catholic or Protestant country (she also had to bear in mind that the 2 most powerful countries in Europe, Spain and France, were Catholic) Whether to marry- many feared if she didn't marry there would be a civil war with wealthy nobles fighting for power due to having no clear heir Also many thought due to being a woman she was too weak to be a good leader Many Catholics thought she was an illegitimate Monarch (These we reasons why she had to make sure she was a popular Monarch)

Question 41

What rebellion was Elizabeth accused of being in that made her relieved when Mary 1 died

Answer 41

Wyatt Rebellion (a Protestant plot) This lead to her being arrested and imprisoned in the Tower of London

Question 42

What Protestant plot did Mary 1 accuse Elizabeth for being involved in which lead to her being arrested and imprisoned in the Tower of London

Answer 42

Wyatt Rebellion

Question 43

What year did Henry V111 die

Answer 43

1547

Question 44

How many weeks did royal progresses last for

Answer 44

10 weeks

Question 45

Who is heir to the throne after Elizabeth

Answer 45

Mary Queen of Scots as they are cousins Elizabeth has no children so Mary is the only legitimate heir as Elizabeth is the last descendant of Henry V111

Question 46

Did Parliament have freedom of speech

Answer 46

No They were meant to however the reality was that they didn't as Elizabeth controlled what topics were to be debated and made it clear that certain topics weren't to be discussed e.g marriage

Question 47

Why did Elizabeth need Parliament to raise money by raising taxes

Answer 47

Costly foreign wars e.g with Spain (Spanish Armada) meant she needed more money and Parliament was the only way she could get this money Taxes needed to be raised to fund the 'poor relief' to be able to provide help for the poor To help her pay off the Marian debt (£227,000) which she had inherited from Mary

Question 48

How much debt did Elizabeth inherit from Mary 1s reign

Answer 48

£227,000

Question 49

2 main functions of Parliament

Answer 49

Raise tax (e.g to help fund poor rate, to cover costs of costly foreign wars e.g Spanish Armada, to help pay off £227,000 Marian debt), pass laws (and e.g for religious settlement, poor laws, laws against puritans)

Question 50

Who organised Elizabeth's progresses

Answer 50

Sir Christopher Hatton

Question 51

What year did Elizabeth 1 die

Answer 51

1603