Cattle Industry

Question 1

Cattle industry

Answer 1

First domesticated in Asia/Europe
Animal meat industry is huge
Used as draft animals and for meat, milk, hides, and byproducts
Dogs are the only animals with a longer relationship with humans

Question 2

Bos Taurus

Answer 2

Originated in and adapted to temperate climates

Question 3

Bos indicus

Answer 3

Originated in asia
Higher heat tolerance
More resistant to parasites and infection

Question 4

Bull

Answer 4

Intact male cow

Question 5

Steer

Answer 5

Castrated male cow

Question 6

Heifer

Answer 6

Young female that hasn’t had a calf

Question 7

Cow

Answer 7

Mature female that has calved

Question 8

Cow identification

Answer 8

Branded by hot irons or chemicals
Plastic ear tags
Ear tattoos
Necklaces
RFI indicator bracelets

Question 9

Dehorning

Answer 9

Done for safety of other animals and handlers

Done when the cow is young in early spring or late fall

Question 10

Venipuncture

Answer 10

Can be performed using the coccygeal vein or jugular vein

Question 11

How to restrain cow

Answer 11

Cow should be placed in squeeze chute and head pulled to one side

Question 12

Firm pressure

Answer 12

Should be used when inserting the needle

Question 13

Cows have __ mammary glands

Answer 13

4

Question 14

Milking a cow

Answer 14

Brought into milking parlor
Teat is washed
Stripping - a few squirts of milk are let out for quality control
Cow is milked using milking machine

Question 15

Cows produce ___ gallons of milk per day

Answer 15

7-9

Question 16

Handling cows

Answer 16

The more they are handled the more cooperative they are
Don’t respond to commands
Bull ring
Squeeze chute

Question 17

Why are cows bred?

Answer 17

Meat or milk production

Some are multipurpose

Question 18

Beef cattle (3 most popular breeds in the US)

Answer 18

Angus
Hereford
Gelbueih

Question 19

Dairy cattle (5 major breeds)

Answer 19

Ayrshire 
Brown Swiss
Guernsey
Holstein-Friesian 
Jersey

Question 20

Castration

Answer 20

Usually done before 3 months old

Question 21

How many mammary glands does a cow have?

Answer 21

4

Question 22

Aveoli

Answer 22

contain cavities that product milk, raw material are brought from the body to the aveoli for milk manufacturing

Question 23

milk collects in the

Answer 23

gland cistern

Question 24

emasculator-

Answer 24

spermatic cord is cut and crushed

elastic band is placed over the scrotum and nerve and blood supply is eliminated (not commonly done)
testicles atrophy (waste away) and slough off in 3-4 weeks

Question 25

how is medication administered?

Answer 25

balling gun or dosage syringe
inserted into back of mouth and plunger is pushed
can also use a stomach tube if necessary

Question 26

Average natural Cow Life Spans

Answer 26

15-20 years

Question 27

beef cattle life span

Answer 27

1-2 years

breeding stock lives for 5-6 years

Question 28

dairy cattle life span

Answer 28

6 years

milk production slows down after 3rd calf

Question 29

endoparasites

Answer 29

fluke works, tapeworms, roundworms, coccidian

Question 30

ectoparasites

Answer 30

fleas, lice, mosquitos, mites

Question 31

tuberculosis + -

Answer 31

test means quarantine or culling

Question 32

mastitis

Answer 32

infection of mammary gland treated with ab’s