Causal research

Question 1

What type of data do i need for cross tabs?

Answer 1

Nominal/ordinal VS a Nominal/ordinal variable

Question 2

IF i have a Nominal/ordinal and must compare with RATIO, I must do a…

Answer 2

Compare means

Question 3

IF i have a Nominal/ordinal and must compare with Interval, I must do a…

Answer 3

Compare means (semantic differential)

Question 4

What if i have both Interval/ratio and Interval/ratio??

Answer 4

Correlation and REGRESSION

Question 5

Meaning of Interval

Answer 5

Numbers with NO real ZERO

for example= degrees celsius

Question 6

Meaning of Ratio

Answer 6

Numbers with real zero and you can do math

For example= age, height, weight, income

Question 7

In crosstabulation, to check the significance between variables…

Answer 7

you must always do a chi squared test

Question 8

When doing a chi squared test, i must ONLY look at…

Answer 8

Pearson chi squared

Question 9

if the … is more than 0.05 then there is …

Answer 9

if the ASYMPTOTIC SIGNIFICANCE is more than 0.05 then there is NO DIFFERENCE

Question 10

in the chi squared test, there is a clear difference IF

Answer 10

ALL THREE COMBINED
1. Significance is lower than 0.05
3. minimum expected count = more than 1

Question 11

Cross tabs can only be done when you have two types of variables that are …

Answer 11

BOTH CODES

(Nom/ord and nom/ord)

Question 12

When i do a compare means, how can i find the significant difference?

Answer 12

ANOVA Table

Question 13

Correlation, when is there a strong correlation?

Answer 13

+1 = strong positive correlation
0 = no correlation
-1 = strong negative correlation
(Pearsons, different from crosstabs)

Question 14

think correlation

If the significance level is
more than 0,05

Answer 14

There is no statistically significant
correlation

Question 15

think correlation

if the significance level is less than 0,05

Answer 15

There is a statistically significant
correlation

Question 16

How to perform a correlation analysis

Answer 16

ANALYZE -> CORRELATE -> BIVARIATE

Question 17

to understand Pearsons better, pearsons …

Answer 17

tells you how strong and in which direction the relationship is

Question 18

to understand the P-value (Sig. 2 tailed) better, p value ….

Answer 18

tells you whether the correlation is statistically significant

Question 19

meaning pearson r

Answer 19

strength and direction

Question 20

meaning P value (sig. 2 tailed)

Answer 20

Significance

Question 21

To perform a compare means, i must

Answer 21

analyze -> compare means -> means

Question 22

in a compare means, the dependent list you must add

Answer 22

Interval/ratio

Question 23

in a compare means, in the independent list you must add

Answer 23

Nominal/ Ordinal

Question 24

For cross tabs, if you want to make a graph, ALWAYS ….

Answer 24

Clustered bar chart & summaries of groups and cases

Question 25

Cross tabs: bars represent?

Answer 25

ALWAYS % of cases

Question 26

crosstabs: category axis

Answer 26

DEPENDENT VARIABLE

Question 27

crosstabs: define clusters by

Answer 27

ADD INDEPENDENT VARIABLE

Question 28

How to recode into new/different variables ## Footnote (make a new group)

Answer 28

transform -> recode into different variables -> which variable to recode??

Question 29

# recoding new variables change old value to

Answer 29

new value

Question 30

after new values made=

Answer 30

variable view -> add labels to each value