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CBA Flashcards

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1
Q

what is the monomer of a carbohydrate?

A

a monosaccaride

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2
Q

What is a monomer of a lipid?

A

a fatty acid

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3
Q

what is the monomer of a protein?

A

Amino Acids

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4
Q

What is the monomer of a nucleic acid?

A

nucleotide

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5
Q

What is the function of a carbohydrate?

A

Short term energy

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6
Q

what is the function of a lipid?

A

Long term energy

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7
Q

What is the function of a protein?

A

Builds, maintains tissues, and makes reactions go faster.

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8
Q

what is the function of nucleic acid?

A

stores or transfers genetic material

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9
Q

what are examples of carbohydrates?

A

Glucose, Chitin, and lactose

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10
Q

what are examples of lipids?

A

Phospholipids and waxes

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11
Q

what are examples of proteins?

A

enzymes, amylase, and hemoglobin

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12
Q

what are examples of nucleic acids?

A

DNA and RNA

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13
Q

What holds together the nitrogenous bases?

A

hydrogen bonds

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14
Q

what is the circular structure in the DNA backbones

A

Phosphate

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15
Q

what is the hexagonal structure in DNA?

A

Sugar

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16
Q

What is the function of an enzyme?

A

An enzyme speeds up chemical reactions using less energy

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17
Q

What are factors that can affect the function of an enzyme

A

Hydrogen Ion concentration, enzyme, concentration, and temperature

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18
Q

Differences between prokaryote and eukaryote cells

A

Prokaryotes don’t have a nucleus or a cell wall or a Golgi apparatus or an endoplasmic reticulum.

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19
Q

What do prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells have in common

A

They both have cytoplasm and a cell membrane

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20
Q

Where does photosynthesis occur?

A

In the chloroplast

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21
Q

What are the reactants of photosynthesis?

A

Sunlight, carbon dioxide ,water

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22
Q

What are the products of photosynthesis?

A

Oxygen and glucose

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23
Q

What is the formula of photosynthesis?

A

CO2+H20—>C6H1206+02

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24
Q

What type of energy does the sun create?

A

Radiation energy

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25
What is the radiation energy of the sun transformed into?
Chemical energy of glucose
26
Where does photosynthesis occur?
In the chloroplast
27
Where does cellular respiration occur?
The mitochondria
28
What are the reactants of cellular respiration?
Glucose and oxygen
29
What are the products of cellular respiration?
Carbon dioxide and water and ATP
30
What is the formula of cellular respiration?
C6H1206+ 6O2---> 6CO2+6H20
31
How are photosynthesis and cellular respiration related to each other
Photosynthesis uses the carbon dioxide that cellular respiration makes
32
How is the relation of photosynthesis and cellular respiration an advantage
They both make the material that the other needs
33
Going from high to low, active or passive transport
Passive transport
34
Is going from low to high active or passive transport
Active transport
35
Is using energy, active transport, or passive transport?
Active transport
36
Is no energy active or passive transport?
Passive transport
37
Is diffusion, passive or active transport?
Passive transport
38
Is the movement of substances, active or passive transport
Both
39
Concentration gradient, passive, or active transport?
Both
40
Is endocytosis, passive or active transport?
Active transport
41
Is exocytosis active or passive transport?
Active transport
42
are Membrane proteins, passive, or active transport
Active transport
43
Is felicitated, diffusion, active or passive transport?
Passive transport
44
Is homeostasis active or passive transport?
Both
45
Is energy needed in diffusion and osmosis?
It is not
46
Does active transport need energy?
It does
47
Does Endo and exocytosis require energy?
It does
48
does facilitated diffusion require energy
It does not
49
What is the function of a protein channel?
The protein channel help cells go through, which usually requires energy
50
Is DNA double stranded or single-stranded
Double stranded
51
What sugar does DNA have?
Deoxyribose sugar
52
What are the nitrogenous bases in DNA?
adenine, cytosine THYMINE, and guanine
53
Is RNA double or single-stranded?
Single-stranded
54
What sugar does RNA have?
Ribose sugar
55
What are the nitrogenous bases in RNA?
Adenine, Cytosine, URACIL, and guanine
56
What is the central dogma of biology?
DNA--> Transcription --> RNA--> Translation--> Proteins
57
What is transcription?
DNA is copied into RNA
58
What is translation?
The RNA is used to produce proteins
59
Why is protein synthesis sometimes called gene expression
Every gene makes a protein eventually
60
What does complementary base pairing mean?
It means that the bases pair up with each other
61
What happens in G1 phase?
Cell growth
62
What happens in S phase?
DNA replication
63
What happened in G2 phase??
Cell growth and preparing for mitosis
64
What is the order of mitosis?
PMAT= prophase metaphase anaphase and telophase
65
What happens in prophase?
The DNA condenses into proteins and the nucleus disappears
66
What happens in metaphase?
The sister chromatids lineup in the middle of the cell
67
What happens in anaphase?
Chromosomes get split apart into different sides of the cell
68
What happens in Telophase?
The nucleus forms again
69
What happens in cytokinesis?
The cell splits
70
Why do cells divide
The cell gets too large, and it needs to split also for growth
71
What would happen if there were a disruption in the cycle
The cell will continue to go through the cycle making a cancerous cell
72
What is the difference between the daughter cell and the original cells that are produced?
They are identical

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