CBSSA (2)

Question 1

What is the source of urea production?

Answer 1

Glutamate

Question 2

Coarse facial features, restricted join movement, high plasma levels of lysosomal enzymes. Dx and mechanism?

Answer 2

I-cell disease - proteins are secreted extracellularly instead of going to lysosomes (b/c mannose phosphorylation failure)

Question 3

Speech is fluent with many grammatical errors, impaired comprehension and repetition

Answer 3

Wernicke’s aphasia

Question 4

Antibody required to dx RA?

Answer 4

Anti-IgG antibody (Rh factor)

Question 5

How do you treat CML?

Answer 5

Imatinib

Question 6

What is ritonavir’s MoA?

Answer 6

Protease inhibitor

Question 7

What is zanamivir’s MoA?

Answer 7

Inhibit influenza neuraminidase - decrease release of virions

Question 8

What do you give to treat ingestion of heavy isotope/radioactive substance?

Answer 8

Potassium iodide

Question 9

What factors lead to granulomas?

Answer 9

IL-12, IFN-gamma

Question 10

What enzyme increases right after insulin treatment?

Answer 10

Glucokinase (b/c uptake of glucose)

Question 11

What drugs cause constricted pupils?

Answer 11

Morphine, heroin, methadone

Question 12

What property of an anesthetic determines rapid onset?

Answer 12

Low blood solubility

Question 13

Proximal muscle weakness, tender shins, high PTH, low Ca. Dx?

Answer 13

Osteomalacia

Question 14

Binding of what receptors results in symptoms of hyperthyroidism?

Answer 14

Nuclear/retinoid X binding to DNA

Question 15

What are the features of normal pressure hydrocephalus?

Answer 15

Wet, wobbly, wacky

Question 16

Normal PaO2 with low O2 content

Answer 16

Anemia

Question 17

Finding a difference when there is none. What type of error?

Answer 17

Type 1

Question 18

Left dominant circulation, route for angioplasty of artery supplying diaphragmatic surface & AV node of heart

Answer 18

LCA, LCX, PDA

Question 19

Hypoxemia post MI cause

Answer 19

Increased pulmonary capillary pressure

Question 20

What nerve innervates the back of the pharynx?

Answer 20

Vagus

Question 21

Duchenne muscular dystrophy is from a problem in what area of the muscle?

Answer 21

Cytoskeleton

Question 22

Cocaine use puts the fetus at the risk of what?

Answer 22

Prematurity

Question 23

Malignant cells from cervical cancer spread to which lymph nodes first?

Answer 23

Internal iliac

Question 24

Aneurysms of the PCA can lead to?

Answer 24

CN III palsy

Question 25

Antidote for insecticide?

Answer 25

Atropine

Question 26

Falling on wrist, pain between abductor pollicis longus and extensor pollicis brevis tendons. Risk?

Answer 26

Avascular necrosis of scaphoid bone

Question 27

Painful feet 2nd to diabetes. Quality?

Answer 27

Burning

Question 28

What is the role of iKB in NFKB transduction pathway from IL-1 binding to IL-6 induction?

Answer 28

iKB releases NFKB after undergoing phosphorylation

Question 29

What is the mode of inheritance of cleft lip and palate?

Answer 29

Multifactorial

Question 30

What is the mechanism of fomepizole?

Answer 30

Blocks alcohol dehydrogenase, prevents conversion of methanol to formaldehyde

Question 31

Nerve responsible for dorsiflexing the foot?

Answer 31

Deep fibular (peroneal)

Question 32

Burnt almonds smell? Treatment?

Answer 32

Cyanide poisoning, treat with amyl nitrite

Question 33

Decrease in lung surfactant leads to a change in what other lung property?

Answer 33

Lung elastic recoil

Question 34

Alcoholic with poor wound healing. Why?

Answer 34

Vit C deficiency so can't hydroxylate collagen

Question 35

What cells are TB found in?

Answer 35

Macrophages (lysosomes, to be precise)

Question 36

Resistant to ampicillin but not to ceftriaxone. Feature?

Answer 36

B-lactamases

Question 37

What does primaquine do to treat P. vivax?

Answer 37

Kills hypnozoites

Question 38

Sudden onset of double vision, periodic episodes of blurred vision, mild swelling and tenderness of the face, mild normochromic anemia, ESR of 60. Dx?

Answer 38

Temporal arteritis

Question 39

What acid-base state and volume state do loop diuretics cause?

Answer 39

Met alk, volume contraction

Question 40

Very long fatty acid chains, phytanic acid, pipecolic acid in the serum. What's missing in the cell?

Answer 40

Peroxisomes