CC Lecture Flashcards

(19 cards)

1
Q

Name 3 climate skeptics and their job

A

Nigel Lawson: had equal debate on BBC with climate scientists implying they had equal weighting

Scott Pruit: head of EPA v against climate change

Trump: mixed messages, usa position on climate change unclear

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2
Q

What causes uncertainity in IPCC predictions? 2 things and 2 examples for each

A

Future behaviour: pop growth + econ growth

Chaotic climate system: solar flares + clouds not understood

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3
Q

Define mitigation and adaptation in terms of ACC

A

Mitigation: Stabilize GHG emissions (UNFCCC 1992) in order to stop climate change

Adaptation: Prepare for the impacts of CC and make practical decisions to reduce vulnerability and increase resilience to the changing climate

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4
Q

2 technical fixes suitable for adapting to climate change

A
2 out of:
increasing resource use efficiency#
flood defences (e.g. Holland)
Drought tolerant crops
Change building codes to fit future climates
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5
Q

Give 2 examples of a win-win adaptation and mitigation policy

A

coastal wetland restoration through increased vegetation; acts as a storm buffer and increases carbon sequestration (Moser 2012)
Soil conservation mitiagtes through increasing C storage + nitrogen fixation, adapts through improved nutrient and water retention and increased soil BD

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6
Q

What was Rio 1992

A

Rio Summit, United Nations Conference.
The Convention on Biological Diversity was opened for signature
Agreement on Climate Change convention that led to Kyoto Protocol and then Paris Agreement

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7
Q

What is the UNFCCC

A

• UN Framework Convention on Climate Change 1994 (UNFCCC)
International Environmental treaty to stabilize GHG emissions
Non-Binding limits on GHG emissions

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8
Q

What is COP, specifically COP21?

A

• Conference of Parties (COP)
Yearly conferences held in the framework of UNFCCC to assess progress in dealing with climate change

COP21 is the Paris Agreement

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9
Q

What happened when the US signed the Kyoto Protocol and when they signed the Paris Agreement?

A

Kyoto: US signed then Bush administration withdrew as they said the ‘common but differentiated responsibilities meant MDCs were more affected + US economy would suffer

Paris: Obama signed, Trump elected then withdrew but committed for 5 years

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10
Q

What is a limitation of global international agreements?

A

Increased concern and little action

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11
Q

Summarize Moser 2012 article.

A

Harmonizing mitigation and adaptation policy is well intended and beneficial for actors and policy makers to secure funds etc, but this narrative encourages the glossing over of critical trade-offs between the two.

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12
Q

Name 2 adaptation measures that undermine mitigation.

A

1) Adaptation measure: desalinisation and increased water reuse
Mitigation implication: increased ongoing energy consumption

2)Adapation measure: Increase use of nitrogen fertilizer to offset potential yield losses
Mitigation implication: increased ongoing energy consumption

[Moser 2012]

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13
Q

Name 2 mitigation measures that undermine adaptation.

A

1) Mitigation measure: rapid switch to low GHG energy sources
Adaptation implication: increased energy prices, reduces economic development which disproportionately affects low income people and increases their vulnerability

2)Mitigation measure: replace liquid fossil fuels with biofuels
Adaptation implication: may reduce area for agriculture and affect food security

[Moser 2012]

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14
Q

Summarize Lashen article.

A

How idealized understandings of science increased public vulnerability to backlash campaigns (such as climategate) funded by the political and social elites.

Lashen 2013

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15
Q

What was Climategate?

A

2009, IPCC emails discussing how to limit access to data which threatened the scientific legitimacy of ACC. Backlash actors used this to suggest scientific malpractice and conspiracies around ACC.

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16
Q

What is ‘Scientific Fundamentalism’

A

Belief that science is objective truth, separate from social and political influences.

17
Q

How does scientific fundamentalism increase public vulnerability to backlashes against climate change?

A

It implies that science bearing the imprint of culture is worthless, therefore the climate science produced in today’s society can be interpreted as worthless

18
Q

name 2 ways idealized images of climate science were deployed.

A

1) ACC was posited as objective reality with 2 strong sides (believers and non-believers), when in fact was a scale.
2) Preserved ideas if neutrality idealized climate scientists, separate from the rest of the scientific community

19
Q

Summarize Wynne 2010 article

A

Attention to CC policy has predominantly focused on either the truth of falsity of the claim that CC is human caused. Understanding the ambiguity of climate science is key.