CC13 Flashcards
What are elements in group 1 called?
The alkali metals.
What properties do elements in group 1 (alkali metals) have?
General properties: malleable, conduct electricity
Specific properties for alkali metals: low melting points, soft, easily cut, very reactive
Are alkali metals easily oxidised or not?
All alkali metals are easily oxidised and burn brightly in the air.
What can you see when lithium reacts with water?
It bubbles fiercely on the surface.
What can you see when sodium reacts with water?
It melts into a ball and fizzes about the surface.
What can you see when potassium reacts with water?
It bursts into flames and flies about the surface.
How does reactivity change as you go down group 1?
The further down you get in group 1, the more reactive the element.
How does the electronic configuration of an atom in group 1 affect its reactivity?
All atoms in group 1 has one electron in its outer shell. As you get further down the group, more electron shells are added. The more electron shells are added, the weaker the force of attraction becomes and the easier it is to take the electron shell from the outer shell. This therefore means that the further away the outer electron is from the centre of the atom, the more reactive the atom is.
What are all of the elements in group 7 called?
The Halogens.
Do all halogens exist as single molecules or diatomic molecules?
All halogens exist as diatomic molecules.
What are diatomic molecules
Molecules with two atoms held together by a single covalent bond.
What properties do all elements of group 7 have?
non-metallic elements, poor conductors of heat and electricity, toxic, corrosive.
What colour is chlorine gas?
Green.
What colour is bromine liquid?
Brown.
What colour is iodine solid?
Purple/Black.
What do halogens form when reacting with metals?
Halogens react with metals to form ionic compounds called salts, which contain halide ions (halide salts).
What uses do halide salts have?
- They can be used as table salts (Sodium Chloride)
- They can be used in toothpaste (Sodium Fluoride)
- They can be used to disinfect pools (Sodium Bromide)
What can all halogens be used as and why?
All halogens can be used as disinfectants and bleaches as they can kill microorganisms and remove the colour from materials.
How does reactivity of group 7 elements change as you go down the group?
The more you go down the group, the less reactive the elements get (the highest element in the group is the most reactive)
What effect does fluorine have when heated with iron wool?
It bursts into flames.
What effect does chlorine have when heated with iron wool?
It glows brightly.
What effect does bromine have when heated with iron wool?
It glows a dull red.
What effect does iodine have when heated with iron wool?
It changes colour.
How can the reactivity of halogens be worked out (without using the periodic table)?
It can be worked out using displacement reactions. We can see which halogen is more reactive as the more reactive halogen will displace the less reactive halogen from a halide compound.
