CC2 LAB Flashcards
1
Q
ASSAY ENZYME ACTIVITY:
Creatine Kinase
A
• TANZER-GILBARG (Forward/Direct)
• OLIVER-ROSALKI ( Reverse/Indirect)
2
Q
ASSAY ENZYME ACTIVITY: CREATINE KINASE
- Forward/Direct
- pH : 9:0
- 340 nm
A
TANZER GIRLBARG
3
Q
ASSAY ENZYME ACTIVITY: CK
- Reverse/Indirect
- pH : 6.8
- 340 nm
A
OLIVER-ROSALKI
4
Q
1.1.1.27
A
LACTATE DEHYDROGENASE
5
Q
1.1.1.49
A
GLUCOSE-6-PHOSPHATE DEHYDROGENASE
6
Q
2.6.1.1
A
ASPARTATE AMINO-TRANSFERASE
7
Q
2.6.1.2
A
ALANINE AMINO-TRANSFERASE
8
Q
2.7.3.2
A
CREATINE KINASE
9
Q
2.3.2.2
A
GAMMA-GLUTAMYL TRANSFERASE
10
Q
3.1.3.1
A
ALKALINE PHOSPHATASE
11
Q
3.1.3.2
A
ACID PHOSPHATASE
12
Q
3.2.1.1
A
AMYLASE
13
Q
3.1.1.8
A
ACETYL CHOLINESTERASE
14
Q
3.1.1.3
A
LIPASE
15
Q
3.1.3.5
A
5-NUCLEOTIDASE
16
Q
What is the EC code no. of CK?
A
2.7.3.2
17
Q
What is the EC code no. of LACTATE DEHYDROGENASE?
A
1.1.1.27
18
Q
What is the EC code no. of GLUCOSE-6-PHOSPHATE DEHYDROGENASE?
A
1.1.1.49
19
Q
What is the EC code no. of ASPARTATE AMINO-TRANSFERASE?
A
2.6.1.1
20
Q
What is the EC code no. of ALANINE AMINO-TRANSFERASE?
A
2.6.1.2
21
Q
What is the EC code no. of GAMMA-GLUTAMYL TRANSFERASE?
A
2.3.2.2
22
Q
What is the EC code no. of ALKALINE PHOSPHATASE?
A
3.1.3.1
23
Q
What is the EC code no. of ACID PHOSPHATASE?
A
3.1.3.2
24
Q
What is the EC code no. of AMYLASE?
A
3.2.1.1
25
What is the EC code no. of ACETYL CHOLINESTERASE?
3.1.1.8
26
What is the EC code no. of 5-NUCLEOTIDASE?
3.1.3.5
27
What is the EC code no. of LIPASE?
3.1.1.3
28
A water-free cavity where the substrate interacts with particular charged amino acids residues.
ACTIVE SITE
29
Result when an enzyme is subject to posttranslational modifications.
ISOFORM
30
The non-protein molecule part of an enzyme
COFACTOR
31
Examples of Activators:
CHLORIDE & MAGNESIUM IONS
32
An organic cofactor such as NICOTINAMIDE ADENINE DINUCLEOTIDE
COENZYME
33
When a COENZYME is bound tightly to the ENZYME, the coenzyme is called what?
PROSTHETIC GROUP
34
PRINCIPLE: Catalyzes an oxidation-reduction reaction between two substrates
OXIDOREDUCTASES
35
PRINCIPLE: Catalyze the transfer of a group other than hydrogen from one substrate to another.
TRANSFERASES
36
PRINCIPLE: Catalyze hydrolysis of various bonds
HYDROLASES
37
PRINCIPLE: Catalyze the interconversion of geometric, optical, or positional isomers
ISOMERASES
38
PRINCIPLE: Catalyze the joining of 2 substrate molecules, coupled with breaking of the pyrophosphate bond
LIGASES
39
LIPASE SAMPLE
20 uL
40
LIPASE: reagent 1
1000 uL
41
LIPASE: Mode of reaction & slope of reaction
FIXED TIME; INCREASING
42
LIPASE: Delay time
120 secs
43
LIPASE
- What is the tissue source?
PANCREAS
44
MOST SPECIFIC and LATE MARKER for ACUTE PANCREATITIS
LIPASE
45
LIPASE 3 isoenzyme:
L1, L2, L3
46
Which among of the LIPASE ISOENZYME is the most chemically specific and sensitive?
L2
47
LIPASE ASSAY ENZYME ACTIVITY
- It measures the liberated fatty acids by titration after 24hr incubation
CHERRY CRANDAL
48
Use as a more pure form of triglyceride
TRIOLEIN
49
It catalyzes the breakdown of starch and glycogen into smaller sugars
AMYLASE
50
-It is the smallest enzyme
AMYLASE
51
- Requires CHLORIDE for activation
AMYLASE
51
Tissue sources of AMYLASE?
Acinar cells of the pancreas & salivary glands
52
2 ISOENZYME OF AMYLASE:
- S-TYPE
PTYALIN
52
It is the EARLIEST PANCREATIC MARKER
AMYLASE
52
2 ISOENZYME OF AMYLASE:
1. S-TYPE (Ptyalin)
2. P-TYPE (Amylopsin)
53
AMYLASE METHODOLOGIES:
- Coupling of several enzyme systems to monitor AMYLASE activity
CONTINUOUS MONITORING
53
AMYLASE METHODOLOGIES
- Measures the disappearance of starch substrate iodine.
AMYLOCLASTIC
54
2 ISOENZYME OF AMYLASE:
- P-type
AMYLOPSIN
55
AMYLASE METHODOLOGIES:
- Measures the appearance of the product
SACCHAROGENIC
55
AMYLASE:
- slope of reaction
INCREASING
56
AMYLASE METHODOLOGIES:
- Measures the increasing color from production of product coupled with a chromogenic dye.
CHROMOGENIC
57
AMYLASE REAGENT 1
1000 uL
57
Administration of ___________ and other/ opiates may cause false elevated serum
MORPHINE
58
Volume of sample for AMYLASE:
25 UL
58
AMYLASE SAMPLE:
25 uL
59
TISSUE SOURCES OF ACID PHOSPHATASE (ACP):
PROSTATE, LIVER, SPLEEN, RBC's, PLATELETS & BONES
59
MAJOR ISOENZYMES OF ACP:
1. PROSTATIC
2. ERYTHROCETIC
3. TARTRATE
59
ACP ISOENZYME:
- Resistant ACP
BONE
60
ACP ISOENZYME:
- Specific ACP; inhibited by TARTRATE
PROSTATIC
61
ACP ISOENZYME:
- Non-specific ACP; Inhibited by FORMALDEHYDE & CUPRIC SULFATE
ERYTHROCYTIC
62
ACP ASSAY ENZYME ACTIVITY:
- For quantitative endpoint reactions
THYMOLPHTHALEIN MONOPHOSPHATE
63
ACP ASSAY ENZYME ACTIVITY:
- Continuous monitoring methods
NAPHTHYL PHOSPHATE
64
ACP vol. of SAMPLE:
100 uL
65
ACP slope of reaction:
INCREASING
66
- Optimal pH for the reaction is 9-10
- requires MAGNESIUM as an ACTIVATOR
ALKALINE PHOSPHATASE
67
TISSUE SOURCES OF ALKALINE PHOSPHATASE (ALP):
INTESTINE, LIVER. BONE, PLACENTA, SPLEEN &B KIDNEY
68
ALP MAJOR ISOENZYMES:
INTESTINAL ALP, LIVER ALP, BONE ALP, PLACENTAL ALP
69
CARCINOPLACENTAL ALKALINE PHOSPHATASES:
REGAN & NAGAO
70
Often used in HEPATOBILIARY & BONE DISORDERS:
ALP
71
PHYSIOLOGIC ELEVATION OF ALP CAN BE SEEN IN?
PREGNANCY, CHILDREN (bone growth & development)
72
HIGHEST ELEVATION OF ALP is seen in _____________ Disease.
PAGETS DISEASE/OSTEITIS DEFORMANS
72
VOLUME OF SAMPLE FOR ALP:
20 uL
72
ALP SLOPE OF REACTION:
INCREASING
72
ASSAY ENZYME ACTIVITY FOR ALP:
BOWERS & MCCOMB
72
A continuous-monitoring technique that allows calculations of ALP activity based on the molar absorptivity of p-nitrophenol
BOWERS & MCCOMB
72
MOST LIVER SPECIFIC ENZYME
ALANINE AMINOTRANSFERASE
72
Other name for ALT?
SERUM GLUTAMIC-PYRUVIC TRANSAMINASE (SGPT)
72
Major source of ALT?
liver
72
DeRITIS ratio of ALT is >1.0
ACUTE HEPATITIS
72
COUPLED ENZYMATIC REACTION
- pH:
7.3-7.8
72
ASSAY ENZYME ACTIVITY FOR ALT:
COUPLED ENZYMATIC REACTION
73
REFERENCE RANGE FOR ALT:
6-37 U/L
73
SLOPE OF REACTION OF ALT:
DECREASING
74
Sample vol. of ALT:
100 uL
75
OTHER NAME FOR AST:
SERUM GLUMATIC-OXALOACETIC TRANSAMINASE (SGOT)
76
AST sources:
Cardiac tissue>liver>skeletal>muscle>kidney>pancreas>rbc
77
2 ISOENZYME OF AST:
1. CYTOPLASMIC
2. MITOCHONDRIAL
78
ASSAY ENZYME ACTIVITY for AST:
KARMEN METHOD
79
indicator ni KARMEN METHOD
MALATE DEHYDROGENASE
80
AST activity is stable in serum for ___ days at ___ temperatures
3-4 days ; refrigerated
81
slope of reaction of AST:
DECREASING
82
Sample vol. for AST TEST:
100 uLr
83
REFERENCE RANGE OF AST:
5-30 U/L
84
5 MAJOR ISOENZYMES OF LDH:
LD1 (HHHH), LD2 (HHHM), LD3 (HHMM), LD4 (HMMM), LD5 (MMMM)
85
Considered as LEAST SPECIFIC ENZYME
LACTATE DEHYDROGENASE
86
5 MAJOR ISOENZYMES OF LDH:
- Most anodal
LD1 (HHHH)
87
5 MAJOR ISOENZYMES OF LDH:
- Most Abundant
LD2 (HHHM)
88
LDH highest elevation is seen in?
PERNICIOUS/MEGALOSBLASTIC ANEMIA
89
ASSAY ENZYME FOR LDH:
1. WACKER (forward/direct)
2. WROBLEUSKI LADUE (reverse/indirect)
90
pH ni WACKER:
8.8
91
pH ni WROBLEUSKI LADUE:
7.2
92
REFERENCE RANGE OF LDH:
100-225 U/L
93
SLOPE OF REACTION OF LDH:
DECREASING
94
SAMPLE VOL. FOR LDH TEST:
10 u/L
95
3 MAJOR ISOENZYME: CK
Found in serum of HEALTHY INDIVIDUAL:
CK-MM (CK3)
96
Most commonly performed in the lab bcoz it takes 2-6 mins faster than tanzer
OLIVER-ROSALKI
97
OLIVER-ROSALKI pH:
6.8
98
TANZER-GILBARG pH:
9.0
99
ALP ISOENZYME FROM HEAT STABLE - HEAT LABILE
REGAN > NAGAO > PLACENTAL > INTESTINAL > LIVER > BONE
100
CARCINOPLACENTAL ALP
NAGAO
121
E.C. 3.1.1.6
PSEUDO-CHOLINESTERASE
122
Principle: HYDROLYZES BUTYRYL AND BENZYLCHOLINE
PSEUDO-CHOLINESTERASE
123
PSEUDOCHOLINESTERASE (PCHE)
- What is the SUBSTRATE in ELLMAN'S METHOD?
Acylthiocholine
124
TRUE OR FALLS
Because enzyme CATALYZE PHYSIOLOGIC REACTIONS, the ENZYME CONCENTRATION affects the rate of the CATALYZED REACTION.
TRUE
125
PROTEINS THAT CARRY NET MOLECULAR CHARGES
ENZYMES
126
Non protein entities that must bind to particular enzymes before a reaction occurs.
COFACTORS
127
COMMON ACTIVATORS:
(Ca2+, Fe2+,
Mg2+, Mn2+, Zn2+, and K+) and nonmetallic (Br- and Cl–).
128
E.C. 2.3.2.2
GAMMA-GLUTAMYL TRANSFERASE
129
CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE:
Hepatobiliary disorders
- Patients receiving enzyme unducing drugs (warfarin, phenobarbital, phenytoin)
GAMMA-GLUTAMYL TRANSFERASE
130
SAMPLE for G-6-PD:
RED CELL HEMOLYSATE/SERUM
131
E.C.3.4.15.1
ANGIOTENSIN-CONVERTING ENZYME (AMS)
