Cell Anatomy (ColoringBook)

Question 1

Nucleus

Answer 1

Cell’s control center

Contains chromatin and most DNA

Question 2

Nucleolus

Answer 2

Region at center of nucleus

Vital role in ribosome production

Question 3

Nuclear Membrane

Answer 3

Two-layered membrane with pores for substances to enter and leave the Nucleus

Question 4

Nucleoplasm

Answer 4

Fluid within the nucleus, in which nucleolus and chromosomes float

Question 5

Cytoskeleton

Answer 5

Internal framework

Made up of microfilament and hollow microtubules

Question 6

Microfilament

Answer 6

Provide support for cells

Sometimes linked to the outer membrane

Question 7

Microtubules

Answer 7

Part of the cytoskeleton

Aid in movement of substances through the cytoskeleton

Question 8

Cytoplasm

Answer 8

Jelly like fluid in which the organelles float

Mostly water, includes enzymes and amino acids

Question 9

Ribosome

Answer 9

Tiny structure that assists with protein assembly

Question 10

Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum

Answer 10

Consists of folded membranes, studded with ribosomes
Extends throughout the cell
Helps transport material throughout the cell
Site of much protein manufacture

Question 11

Cell Membrane

Answer 11

Encloses the cell’s contents
Maintains shape
Regulates flow of substances in and out of the cell

Question 12

Peroxisome

Answer 12

Produces enzymes that oxidize some toxic chemicals

Question 13

Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum

Answer 13

Network of tubes and sacs
Helps transport materials through the cell
Site of calcium storage
Main location of fat metabolism

Question 14

Lysosome

Answer 14

Produces enzymes that digestion and excretion of substances and worn-out organelles

Question 15

Golgi Complex

Answer 15

Processes and repackages proteins produced on rough endoplasmic reticulum for release at cell membrane

Question 16

Secretory Vesicle

Answer 16

Sac containing substances produced by the cell and secreted at the cell membrane

Question 17

Released Secretions

Answer 17

Secretions are released by exocytosis: when a vesicle merges with the cell membrane and releases its contents

Question 18

Microvilli

Answer 18

Projections that increase the cell’s surface area

Aid in absorption

Question 19

Centriole

Answer 19

Composed of two cylinders of tubules

Plays crucial role in cell reproduction

Question 20

Mitochondrion

Answer 20

Site of sugar and fat digestion

Produces energy

Question 21

Vacuole

Answer 21

Sac that stores and transports ingested materials, wastes, products, and water

Question 22

During development, stem cells differentiate into three types

Answer 22

Ectoderm, Endoderm, and Mesoderm

Question 23

Ectoderm

Answer 23

Form skin and nails, epithelium of the nose, mouth, and anus, eyes, and brain and spinal cord

Question 24

Endoderm

Answer 24

Linings of the digestive and respiratory tracts, and glandular organs including liver and pancreas

Question 25

Mesoderm

Answer 25

Muscles, circulatory system, and excretory system including kidneys

Question 26

Red Blood Cells

Answer 26

Lack nucleus and organelles Packed with hemoglobin: iron-containing molecule that binds with oxygen (gives red color) Develops in bone marrow Circulates for about 120 days before broken down and recycled

Question 27

Adipose Cells

Answer 27

Fat storage Most of interior taken up by large droplet of semiliquid fat Swell when weight is gain and eventually increase in number

Question 28

Sperm Cells

Answer 28

Have a tail | Contain 23 chromosomes

Question 29

Photoreceptor Cells

Answer 29

Found at the back of the eye | Specialized nerve cells: contain light-sensitive pigment and generate nerve impulse when struck by light

Question 30

Two Main Photoreceptor Cells

Answer 30

Rods and Cones

Question 31

Rods

Answer 31

Work well in low light | Enable us to see in only black and white

Question 32

Cones

Answer 32

Work well in bright light | Enable us to detect colors

Question 33

Epithelial Cells

Answer 33

Barrier cells lining the cavities and surfaces of the body, such as skin and lining of the lungs and reproductive tracts Cilia that project from the surface: e.g.) used to move eggs down the fallopian tubes or mucus out of the lungs

Question 34

Nerve Cells

Answer 34

Electrically excitable cells transmit action from potentials down the axon Throughout the body Detectors, information conveyors, and processors Communicate across connections called synapses

Question 35

Egg Cells (Ova)

Answer 35

One of the largest cells in the human body Ovum is just visible to the naked eye 23 chromosomes Finite

Question 36

Smooth Muscle Cells

Answer 36

One of three types of muscle cell Spindle-shaped cells found in arteries and digestive tract Produce long, wavelike contractions: to do this they are packed with contractile filaments and large amounts of mitochondria