Cell biology Flashcards
(26 cards)
What is differentiation
When a cell changes to become a specialised cell
Sperm adaptions
Streamlined head, long tail, lots of mitochondria
Nerve cell adaptions
Long, branched connevtions
Muscle cell adaption
Long, lots of mitochondria to contract quickly
Root hair adaption
Large SA to absorb more water
Phloem cell adaption
Pores for cell sap to flow
Xylem cell adaptions
Hollow in centre
What do phloem transport
Substances around the plant
What does xylem transport
Water through the plant
Example of prokaryotic cell
Bacterial cell. - no nucleus
How do prokaryotic cells reproduce
Binary fission
What’s a specialised cell
A cell that has changed to perform a particular function
What are the different stem cells
Embryonic and adult
Here are adult stem cells found
Bone marrow
What can embryonic cells differentiate into
Any type of cell
What can adult stem cells differentiate into
Some types of cells like blood cells
Use of stem cells
-replace full bloody cells
- make nerve cells
What is the stem cell in pants called
Meristem
Where does gas exchange take place
Lungs
What are alveoli
Tiny sacs where gas exchange take place
Alveoli adaptions
Large SA, moist lining,thin walls, good blood supply
Where are villi found?
Small intestine
What do villi do
Help absorb more food as they have a large SA
What opens and closes the stomata to control water loss
Guard cells
