Cell Biology

Question 1

List the features of a prokaryotic cell.

Answer 1

Single-cellular organism
Eg. bacteria cell
Small in size and simple
Genetic material not in nucleus - in chromosomal DNA, plasmids
Does not have: mitochondria, chloroplasts, nucleus
Has: cytoplasm, cell membrane, cell wall, plasmids

Question 2

List the features of a eukaryotic cell.

Answer 2

Multi-cellular organism
Eg. plant + animal cells
Larger in size + more complex
Genetic material in nucleus
Do not have: cell wall (animal cell only), plasmids
Have: cytoplasm, cell membrane, mitochondria, nucleus, ribosomes; cell wall, permanent vacuole, chloroplasts (plant cell only)

Question 3

What additional structures to plant cells have?

Answer 3

Cell wall - made of cellulose. Supports + strengthens cell
Permanent vacuole - contains cell sap - weak solution of sugar + salt. Keeps cell turgid
Chloroplasts - contains chlorophyll - absorbs light needed for photosynthesis

Question 4

Why do human skin cells need to divide?

Answer 4

For growth and repair
To replace cells

Question 5

What can human stem cells be used to treat?

Answer 5

Paralysis