CELL - CELL COMMUNICATION

Question 1

Explain endocrine signalling

Answer 1

Endocrine cells release a substance which then travels through the bloodstream/ general circulation to reach a target cell that is a distance away from the original cell

Question 2

Explain Autocrine signalling

Answer 2

Autocrine cells release substance which then acts on a target site on the same cell

Question 3

Explain paracrine signalling

Answer 3

Paracrine cells release substances which then act on target cells on adjacent cells

Question 4

What is a hormone?

Answer 4

Substances from endocrine signalling that reach their targets via general circulation

Question 5

What is synaptic transmission?

Answer 5

A specific type of paracrine signalling. Can be chemical or electrical

Question 6

What is a first messenger?

Answer 6

Substances that are released by one cell and act upon another or the same cell

Question 7

What is a second messenger?

Answer 7

substances that are produced inside the cells (intracellular mediators). They are produced downstream of receptor activation and that are responsible for the biological effect inside a cell

Question 8

What are the two types of acetylcholine receptors?

Answer 8

Nicotinic acetylcholine
Muscarinic acetylcholine