Cell characteristics (B2.1)

Question 1

Nucleus

Answer 1

contains genetic material DNA, which controls the activities of the cell

Question 2

Cell membrane

Answer 2

controls the movement of substance in and out of the cell, partially permeable

Question 3

Cytoplasm

Answer 3

jelly-like, most chemical reactions (metabolic processes) take place here, controlled by enzymes

Question 4

Mitochondrion

Answer 4

powerhouse of the cell, most of the energy is released in aerobic respiration here

Question 5

Ribosome

Answer 5

protein synthesis (production) happens here

Question 6

Cell wall (plant cell only)

Answer 6

Strengthens cell structure, made of celluose, prevents cell from bursting, fully permeable

Question 7

Chloroplast (plant cell only)

Answer 7

contains chlorophyll, which absorbs light for photosynthesis

Question 8

Central vacuole (plant cell only)

Answer 8

filled with cell sap (mixture of sugars, salts and water) to help keep the cell turgid (rigid structure)

Question 9

Plasmid (bacterium cell only)

Answer 9

contains extra genes e.g. antibiotic resistance, which may come in handy (not present in all bacteria cells)

Question 10

Flagella (bacterium cell only)

Answer 10

Tail which propels the cell (not present in all bacteria cells)