Cell Cycle

Question 1

Order of the phases

Answer 1

Interphases (non-dividing)
G1
S
G2

M phase (dividing)

Question 2

Prophase

Answer 2

condensing of chromosomes
forms spindle

Question 3

prometaphase

Answer 3

nuclear envelope forms
microtubules contact chromosomes at kinetochores

Question 4

metaphase

Answer 4

chromosomes reach center of cell
alignment in the middle of

Question 5

Anaphase

Answer 5

sister chromatids pulled apart to opposite poles

Question 6

telophase

Answer 6

nuclear envelope reforms
chromosomes decondense
spindle desintegrates

Question 7

Checkpoint 1

Answer 7

G1
checks for DNA damage, p53 protein either pauses cycle until fixed or initiates programmed cell death
also looks at size, nutrients, and social signals

Question 8

Checkpoint 2

Answer 8

ensures chromosomes replicated right, DNA is undamaged, MPF is present

Question 9

Checkpoint 3

Answer 9

Between metaphase and anaphase
ensures sister chromatids don’t split until all kinetochores are connected to spindle

Question 10

Checkpoint 4

Answer 10

between anaphase and telophase
ensures chromosomes are fully separated

Question 11

S stage (synthesis)

Answer 11

DNA replication occurs

Question 12

M stage (mitosis/meiosis)

Answer 12

Mitosis- genetic material is copied and divided equally between 2 cells

Cytokinesis- division of cytoplasm into 2 daughter cells