Cell Cycle

Question 1

Cell Theory:

Answer 1

All cells arise from existing cells

Question 2

Why do single celled organisms undergo the cell cycle?

Answer 2

Reproduction

Question 3

Why do multicellular organisms undergo the cell cycle?

Answer 3

Growth, maintenance, and repair

Question 4

____________ : A structure of DNA and proteins in cells; visible
chromosomes are a highly condensed form of DNA wrapped around proteins and observed during M phase of the cell cycle

Answer 4

Chromosome

Question 5

___________ : proteins around which DNA is wrapped

Answer 5

Histones

Question 6

________ : more loosely packaged form of DNA and proteins found in interphase and G0 cells

Answer 6

Chromatin

Question 7

___________ : A chromosome that contains the same genes in the same order as another chromosome, with overall 95% sequence similarity

Answer 7

Homologous chromosome

Question 8

__________ : One of two identical copies of a DNA sequence, formed from DNA replication, that remain attached at the centromere by cohesion proteins until anaphase of mitosis

Answer 8

Sister Chromatid

Question 9

Two types of mammalian cells do not divide frequently:
a.
b.

Answer 9

Neurons
Liver, muscle, fat cell

Question 10

Stage of the | Phase of the | Key events or features
cell cycle | cell cycle | of this phase
——————————————————————————-
______ | ______ | Regulatory proteins are |
| | made; growth and |
| | preparation for DNA |
| |replication; DNA amount|
| | does not change |

Answer 10

Interphase, G1

Question 11

Stage of the | Phase of the | Key events or features
cell cycle | cell cycle | of this phase
——————————————————————————-
______ | ______ | DNA replication occurs |
| | and amount of DNA |
| | in the cell increases |

Answer 11

Interphase, S

Question 12

Stage of the | Phase of the | Key events or features
cell cycle | cell cycle | of this phase
——————————————————————————-
______ | ______ | Cell size and protein |
| | content increase; DNA |
| | amount is doubled |
| | but chromosome |
| | number is the same |

Answer 12

Interphase, G2

Question 13

Stage of the | Phase of the | Key events or features
cell cycle | cell cycle | of this phase
——————————————————————————-
______ | ______ | Chromatin condenses |
| | to chromosomes, |
| | nuclear envelope |
| | dissolves, spindle fibers |
| | attach to and align |
| | chromosomes in the |
| | middle of the cell in |
| | metaphase |

Answer 13

M phase, Early Mitosis

Question 14

Stage of the | Phase of the | Key events or features
cell cycle | cell cycle | of this phase
——————————————————————————-
______ | ______ |Mitotic spindle separates|
| | sister chromatids to |
| | evenly divide the DNA |
| | in anaphase, DNA |
| | decondenses to |
| | chromatin, nuclear |
| | envelope reforms |

Answer 14

M phase, Late mitosis

Question 15

Stage of the | Phase of the | Key events or features
cell cycle | cell cycle | of this phase
——————————————————————————-
______ | ______ | The cell splits into two |
| | genetically identical |
| | daughter cells |

Answer 15

M phase, Cytokinesis