Cell Cycle, Photosynthesis, Reproduction, Mendel, Punnett Squares

Question 1

True of False: Offspring are identical to their parents in asexual reproduction

Answer 1

True

Question 2

How many parents are involved in asexual reproduction?

Answer 2

One

Question 3

In a chemical equation, what side of the yield sign are the products?

Answer 3

The Right Side

Question 4

What is the chemical formula for glucose?

Answer 4

C6H12O6

Question 5

What are the reactants in Cellular Respiration?

Answer 5

Glucose and Oxygen

Question 6

Who is known for studying genetics in pea plants?

Answer 6

Gregor Mendel?

Question 7

Using the letter P, how would you write the genotype of a heterozygous father?

Answer 7

Pp

Question 8

What does “dominant” mean when referring to genetics?

Answer 8

A genetic factor that blocks or hides another genetic factor. It is stronger and overpowers the ‘recessive’ trait.

Question 9

What is a punnett square?

Answer 9

a model used to show the probability of having offspring with a certain genotype.

Question 10

What does GMO stand for?

Answer 10

Genetically modified organism

Question 11

What is genetics?

Answer 11

The study of how traits are passed from generation to generation (or parent to offspring)

Question 12

What is a true-breeding plant?

Answer 12

A homozygous plant. It produces offspring with the exact same traits as the parent.

Question 13

What is another term to describe a hybrid?

Answer 13

heterozygous

Question 14

When you cross a heterozygous dad with a heterozygous mom, what is the ratio of offspring with the dominant phenotype?

Answer 14

3:1

1 offspring is homozygous dominant
2 offspring are heterzygous
1 offspring is homozygous recessive

The homozygous dominant and the 2 heterozygous offspring will show the dominant trait.

Question 15

Bees transferring pollen from one flower to another is what type of reproduction?

Answer 15

Sexual

Question 16

If B represents the dominant allele (brown eyes) and b represents the recessive allele (blue eyes) what is a homozygous dominant individual’s phenotype?

Answer 16

Brown eyes

Question 17

If B represents the dominant allele (brown eyes) and b represents the recessive allele (blue eyes) what is a heterozygous individual’s phenotype

Answer 17

Brown eyes

Question 18

In a chemical equation, what do you call the materials you begin with?

Answer 18

Reactants

Question 19

What are the reactants in photosynthesis?

Answer 19

Carbon Dioxide, Water, and Sunlight

Question 20

Using the letter T, what would the genotype of a homozygous dominant individual be?

Answer 20

TT

Question 21

Where was Mendel from?

Answer 21

Austria

Question 22

What form of energy is released during respiration?

Answer 22

ATP (adenosine triphosphate)

Question 23

Name 4 traits Mendel studied in pea plants.

Answer 23

flower color seed color seed shape
lower position pod shape pod color
stem length

Question 24

What is an allele?

Answer 24

Different forms of the same gene. You get one from each parent that combine to determine what trait you will show.

Question 25

What are pedigrees used for?

Answer 25

To show phenotypes of genetically related family members. Often times they are used in the breeding of dogs, horses, and cattle (bulls).

Question 26

What are some positives about the use of GMOs?

Answer 26

It reduces the need for pesticides, it increases crop yield and therefore help with food shortages, it can help reduce soil erosion.

Question 27

Where does cellular respiration take place

Answer 27

mitochondria

Question 28

What is the chemical formula for respiration?

Answer 28

C6H12O6 + 6O2 yields ATP + 6CO2 + 6H2O

Question 29

What is the 1st step of mitosis?

Answer 29

Prophase

Question 30

During what stage of mitosis do the spindle fibers begin pulling chromatids to opposite sides of the cell?

Answer 30

Anaphase

Question 31

What are the two stages that make up the cell cycle?

Answer 31

Interphase and Mitotic Stage

Question 32

What happens during Interphase?

Answer 32

The cell grows and duplicates its DNA and organelles.

Question 33

Explain the process of cytokinesis in plant cells.

Answer 33

Because plant cells have a cell wall, they cannot pinch together like they do in an animal cell. Instead a cell plate forms down the middle. Then the cell wall uses the cell plate as a guide and forms right up next to the cell plate. The cell plate then disappears and you have 2 identical new plant cells.