Cell Division Flashcards
(22 cards)
Is interphase the growth phase or the division phase?
Growth phase
What occurs during M phase?
Division
What are some cell types that divide regularly?
Liver cells
What are some cells that never divide?
Nerve cells
What are homologous chromosomes
Chromosomes one from dad and one from mom
Are humans diploid or haploid?
Diploid we have two copies of each autosome, one maternal and one paternal
Explain G1 phase
Homologous unreplicated chromosomes
Explain G2 phase
Homologous chromosomes from G1 are replicated into sister chromatids
What are centromeres?
The Center pinched section of a chromosome
What Phase is it when going from G1 to G2?
S phase
What are the 5 stages of mitosis?
Prophase Pro metaphase Metaphase Anaphase Telophase PPMAT
Explain prophase
Chromosomes condense
Cent roomies migrate to opposite poles
Explain pro metaphase
Mitosis spindles attach to chromosomes in the form of microtubules
Explain metaphase
Chromosome align in the Center of the cell
Explain anaphase
Sister chromatids split into two and migrate to opposite poles
Explain telophase
Nuclear envelope reforms and chromosome de condense
What are kinetic bores?
Attachment sites for the spindle microtubules
How many chromosomes total per cell in humans?
46
How many different chromosomes Ina human cell?
22 autosome plus X and Y sex chromosomes
How many of each different type of chromosome in a human cell?
2 of each type plus either 2xor 1x and 1y
What the main differences between mitosis and meiosis?
Mitosis: 2 daughter cells
Daughter cells are genetically identical to one another and the parent cell
Each daughters cell is diploid (like the parent cell)
Meiosis: 4 daughter cells produced
Daughter cells are genetically different from one another
The daughter cells contain only half the genetic material from parent cell
Each daughter cell is haploid
How do prokaryotic cells divide?
Binary fission
