Cell Divison Cycle Flashcards
(27 cards)
What is one characteristic of living things?
They grow.
How do single-celled organisms grow?
By increasing the size of the cell.
How do multi-cellular organisms grow?
By adding more cells.
What happens to cells as they get bigger?
The amount of material they need to take in and the amount of waste they need to get rid of increases.
What is the consequence of a cell exceeding its size limit?
The cell would die.
What is the solution to the size limitation of cells?
Keep cells relatively small and increase their number through cell division.
What is cell division?
The process where one cell divides to produce two cells.
What are the new cells produced in cell division called?
Daughter cells.
What does the nucleus of a cell contain?
The cell’s DNA.
Why must a cell have the correct amount of DNA?
To work properly.
What can change in DNA lead to?
Drastic effects.
What process ensures that new cells get the correct amount of DNA?
Mitosis.
Are ‘mitosis’ and ‘cell division’ the same?
No, mitosis refers specifically to the duplication and division of a cell’s nucleus.
What is the first phase of the cell cycle?
Interphase.
What occurs during Interphase?
The cell grows and performs its life functions; DNA duplicates.
What structures duplicate during Interphase?
Centrioles.
What is the first stage of mitosis?
Prophase.
What happens to chromatin during Prophase?
It condenses and forms rod-like chromosomes.
How many chromosomes are produced in humans?
23 pairs or 46 chromosomes.
What are sister chromatids?
Identical halves of a double-stranded chromosome joined at a centromere.
What occurs during Metaphase?
Centromeres attach to spindle fibers and chromosomes line up at the equator.
What happens during Anaphase?
Centromeres split and chromatids move to opposite ends of the cell.
What are chromatids referred to after Anaphase?
Single-stranded chromosomes.
What occurs during Telophase?
Chromosomes reach opposite ends, uncoil, and a nuclear membrane forms around each set.
