Cell Homeostasis

Question 1

Movement across plasma membrane

Answer 1

Passive movement: no energy used by cell
Active movement: energy used by cell

Question 2

Passive transport

Answer 2

Consists of diffusion and osmosis; moves from high to low

Question 3

Diffusion

Answer 3

Movement of solutes from a higher concentration to a lower concentration; 2 types: simple and facilitated

Question 4

Simple diffusion

Answer 4

Movement of fat/lipid soluble molecules across the phospholipid bilayer membrane

Question 5

Facilitated diffusion

Answer 5

Water soluble molecules cannot get across phospholipid bilayer, need help in form of a protein in PM to facilitate diffusion

Question 6

Channel mediated diffusion

Answer 6

Diffusion through a membrane channel protein in PM

Question 7

Carrier mediated diffusion

Answer 7

Diffusion with assistance of a carrier protein molecule in the PM

Question 8

Osmosis

Answer 8

Movement of water from higher to lower potentials with no energy across a semipermeable membrane, dependent on osmotic pressure of solution

Question 9

Osmotic pressure

Answer 9

Tendency of a solution to draw or pull water into it; depends upon amount of solute/solute concentration; more solutes=more osmotic pressure

Question 10

Tonicity

Answer 10

A comparison of solute concentrations ; 3 different types

Question 11

Hypertonic

Answer 11

More or higher solutes

Question 12

isotonic

Answer 12

Same amount of solutes

Question 13

Hypotonic

Answer 13

Less or lower solutes

Question 14

Filtration

Answer 14

Uses pressure differences (not energy) for movement across membrane

Question 15

Active transport

Answer 15

Consists of primary active transport and secondary active transport; require ATP

Question 16

Primary active transport (uniport)

Answer 16

Uses atp and one carrier molecule to pump substances in and out of the cell

Question 17

Secondary Active Transport (co-transport)

Answer 17

Movement of two molecules; two types: symport and antiport

Question 18

Symport

Answer 18

When the 2 molecules move in the same direction; always moves into the cell in humans

Question 19

Antiport

Answer 19

When 2 molecules do not move in the same direction as each other

Question 20

Vesicular Transport

Answer 20

Involves moving substances in and out of cell by formation of vesicle; vesicles can dissolve into or out of cell membrane

Question 21

Endocytosis

Answer 21

Brings substances INTO cell by vesicle formation; consists of phagocytosis, pinocytosis, receptor mediated endocytosis

Question 22

Exocytosis

Answer 22

Gets substances OUT of cell

Question 23

Phagocytosis

Answer 23

Cells brings in solid particles by forming engulfing vesicle
phago=to eat cytosis=cell

Question 24

Pinocytosis

Answer 24

Cell brings in fluids and dissolved particles (solutes) by forming a vesicle around them
pino=drink

Question 25

Receptor-mediated Endocytosis

Answer 25

Involves protein receptors on outside of plasma cell membrane; very specific like a lock and key

Question 26

Exocytosis

Answer 26

Gets substance OUT of cell

Question 27

Cellular ID Markers/Tags

Answer 27

Identifies that cells belong to you

Question 28

Attachment Proteins

Answer 28

Can attach cells to cells or attach cells to things inside the cell or outside the cell

Question 29

Receptor Molecules/Proteins

Answer 29

Cell PMs have specific receptors for hormones, neurotransmitters, etc.

Question 30

Enzymes

Answer 30

catalyze specific reactions