Cell Membrane

Question 1

Do all cells have a cell membrane?

Answer 1

Yes.

Question 2

Cell Membrane Main Functions

Answer 2

Protection, a Fixed Environment, Transport, and Structural Support.

Question 3

Why is the cell membrane significant?

Answer 3

Since it regulates cell transport, it is important for homeostasis.

Question 4

What unique characteristic does the cell membrane have in regulating what can &can’t enter the cell?

Answer 4

It has a semi-permeable, and selective membrane.

Question 5

The model used for interpreting the cell membrane used until today.

Answer 5

Fluid Mosaic Model

Question 6

Why is the Fluid Mosaic Model fluid?

Answer 6

It is flexible and changes shape.

Question 7

Why is the Fluid Mosaic Model mosaic?

Answer 7

Like a mosaic, it is consisted of several molecules.

Question 8

How does the cell membrane be selectively permeable?

Answer 8

It receives and responds to stimuli.

Question 9

What are the different components of the cell?

Answer 9

Phospholipids

Proteins

Cholesterol

Carbohydrates

Question 10

Phospholipids have a unique characteristic in that it is ___.

Answer 10

Amphipathic

Question 11

What is the definition of the phospholipids being amphipathic?

Answer 11

It is both hydrophilic and hydrophobic.

Question 12

It mainly provides structure to the cell.

Answer 12

Phospholipids

Question 13

With phospholipids being a main component for the cell having structure, it is ___.

Answer 13

Abundant

Question 14

Phospholipids are composed of:

Answer 14

A Phosphate Head and Two Fatty Acids

Question 15

The head of a phospholipid is composed of ___ and ___.

Answer 15

Glycerol and phosphate.

Question 16

What part of the phospholipid is hydrophilic
and makes +H bonds with water (since it’s polar)?

Answer 16

Phosphate-linked Head Group

Question 17

What part of the phospholipid is hydrophobic and are non-polar molecules?

Answer 17

Two Fatty Acid Tails

Question 18

With the two fatty acid tails, one is ___, and the other one is ___.

Answer 18

Saturated and Unsaturated

Question 19

Spherical vesicles of a bilayer of phospholipids.

Answer 19

Liposome

Question 20

In an aqueous solution, phospholipids make what you call as a ___.

Answer 20

Phospholipid Bilayer

Question 21

Lipid monolayers with a fatty acid core and polar surface.

Answer 21

Micelle

Question 22

50% of plasma membrane

Answer 22

Proteins

Question 23

Second major component next to phospholipids.

Answer 23

Proteins

Question 24

Proteins based on location:

Answer 24

Integral

Peripheral

Question 25

Proteins embedded entirely on bilayer, extends across.

Answer 25

Integral Proteins

Question 26

Proteins that does not extend across, exterior or interior only.

Answer 26

Peripheral Proteins

Question 27

Since peripheral proteins are only attached to the exterior or interior of the cell, it is ___.

Answer 27

Easily separable.

Question 28

Commonly known as peripheral proteins.

Answer 28

Cell specific proteins like enzymes, transporters, and carriers.

Question 29

Proteins based on function:

Answer 29

Ion Channels Carrier Proteins Enzymes Receptor Proteins Glycoproteins

Question 30

Tiny Pores in the Cell Membrane

Answer 30

Ion Channels

Question 31

Why are ion channels only have tiny pores?

Answer 31

It's tiny to accommodate specific ions only (Na, P, Ca, Cl).

Question 32

Where large molecules like glucose and amino acids pass through.

Answer 32

Carrier Proteins

Question 33

Analogy Tiny: ___ Large: ___

Answer 33

Tiny is to Ion Channels as to Large is to Carrier Proteins

Question 34

Catalyzes chemical reactions.

Answer 34

Enzymes

Question 35

It has binding sites that sets off molecular triggers.

Answer 35

Receptor Proteins

Question 36

Each hormones have their own ___.

Answer 36

Receptor Sites

Question 37

Allow cells in immune system to recognize foreign and domestic cells.

Answer 37

Glycoproteins

Question 38

Why is it that organ transplant can only happen between the same specific blood types?

Answer 38

Each person has a unique recognition site, so if the blood type doesn't match, the immune system recognizes it as a foreign molecule and attacks it.

Question 39

Maintains fluidity and distance between the phospholipids.

Answer 39

Cholesterol

Question 40

What condition triggers the cell membrane components to move farther away?

Answer 40

High Temperature

Question 41

What condition triggers the cell membrane components to clump and render the cell rigid?

Answer 41

Low Temperature