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Bacteriology 3rdYR 1stSem Prelims > Cell Morphology > Flashcards

Cell Morphology Flashcards

1
Q

Largest bacterium

A

Thiomargarita Namibiensis

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2
Q

Most bacteria range in what size

A

0.4 - 2 um

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3
Q

3 Basic Bacteria Shapes

A

Cocci (spherical)
Bacilli (rod shaped)
Spirochetes (spiral)

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4
Q

Cocci in pairs

A

Diplococci

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5
Q

Cocci in chains

A

Streptococci

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6
Q

Cocchi in clusters

A

Staphylococci

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7
Q

Bacterial cells in four

A

Tetrad

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8
Q

Cocci in groups of eight

A

Sarcinae

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9
Q

Shape of bacilli with tapered, pointed ends are termed as?

A

Fusiform

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10
Q

When a species differs in size and shape within a pure culture, it is termed as?

A

Pleomorphic

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11
Q

Bacilli in single rods/paired

A

Diplobacilli

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12
Q

Bacilli in chains

A

Streptobacilli

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13
Q

Bacterium that align themselves side by side

A

palisades

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14
Q

Bacterium ovoid in shape is termed as

A

Coccibacilli

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15
Q

Examples of Basic dyes

A

Methylene Blue
Basic fuchsin
Crystal violet
Safranin
Malachite green

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16
Q

Example of acidic dye

A

Eosin

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17
Q

Type of staining that applies only single staining solution

A

Simple staining

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18
Q

Basic dyes have an affinity for

A

Nuclei

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19
Q

Acidic dyes have an affinity for

A

Cytoplasm

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20
Q

Type of staining directed towards the forms and shapes of cells

A

Simple Staining

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21
Q

Type of staining that applies 2 or more stains

A

Differential satining

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22
Q

4 components of Differential Staining

A

Primary Stain
Mordant
Decolorizer
Counterstain

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23
Q

Type of staining which results in bacteria as light colored bodies against a dark background

A

Negative Staining

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24
Q

In Negative staining, which comes first on the slide, Organism or Stain?

A

Stain

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25
Q

Examples of dyes used in Negative staining

A

India Ink
Nigrosin Stain

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26
Q

Gram stain was developed by who

A

Hans Christian Gram

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27
Q

Who did Hans Christian Gram work with

A

Carl Friedlander

28
Q

Primary stain of Gram Staining method

A

Crystal Violet

29
Q

Mordant used in Gram staining method

A

Iodine

30
Q

Decolorizing agent used in Gram staining method

A

Alcohol/Alcoholacetone

31
Q

Counterstain used in Gram staining method

A

Safranin

32
Q

Which has a thicker cell wall, Gram+ bacterium or Gram- bacterium

A

Gram+

33
Q

What does Gram+ bacteria have that Gram- dont

A

Teichoic acid
Lipoteichoic acid
Thick peptidoglycan

34
Q

What do Gram- bacteria have that Gram+ dont

A

Porin
Lipopolysaccharides
Thin peptidoglycan

35
Q

Color of stained gram+ bacteria

A

blue to purple

36
Q

Color of stained gram- bacteria

A

pink

37
Q

Determines the Gram staining characteristics of a species

A

Cell wall structure

38
Q

May be used in gram staining instead of fixation

A

Methyl Alcohol

39
Q

If crystal violet is rinsed too vigorously…

A

Poor to No staining of Gram- organisms

40
Q

If decolorization is too vigorous or prolonged…

A

Gram+ will not stain

41
Q

If decolorization is insufficient, organisms may be…

A

Falsely Gram+

42
Q

If Counterstain (Safranin) is prolonged…

A

Gram+ will be affected

43
Q

If counterstain (safranin) is insufficient…

A

failure in staining Gram- materials

44
Q

Primary stain in Acid-Fast Staining Method

A

Carbol Fuchsin

45
Q

Penetration of dye by heat

A

Ziehl-Neelsen method

46
Q

Penetration of dye by a detergent or cold with tergitol

A

Kinyoun method

47
Q

Decolorizing agent used in Acid-Fast Staining method

A

Acidified alcohol

48
Q

Counterstain used in Acid-Fast Staining method

A

Methylene Blue

49
Q

Color of stained Acid-Fast bacteria

A

Red

50
Q

Color of stained Non Acid-Fast bacteria

A

Blue

51
Q

Acid-Fast staining is used to identify:

A

Saccharomyces
Coccidian Parasites

52
Q

Fluorochrome stain used in Acid-Fast Staining used for Screening Specimens

A

Auramine-Rhodamine

53
Q

Myobacteria in Fluorescent Stain stains what color

A

Bright Orange

54
Q

Myobacteria in Kinyoun and Ziehl-Neelstain Stain stains what color

A

Red

55
Q

Background material in Kinyoun and Ziehl-Neelstain Stain stains what color

A

Blue

56
Q

A flourochrome dye that stains both Gram+ and Gram- bacteria

A

Acridine Orange

57
Q

A colorless dye that binds to cellulose and chitin

A

Calcofluor White

58
Q

Stain that may be used as a specific stain for rapid screening of clinical specimens for fungal elements

A

Calcofluor White

59
Q

Yeast cells, Pseudohyphae, and Hyphae, stains what color under Calcofluor Stain?

A

Bright Apple-Green / Blue-White

60
Q

The neutral dye used in Rapid Modified Wright-Giemsa Stain is a combination of?

A

Basic Thiazine Dyes & Acid Eosin

61
Q

Methylene Blue has traditionally been used to stain what bacterium

A

C. diptheriae

62
Q

Used to stain walls of medically important fungi grown in slide culture

A

Lactophenol Cotton Blue

63
Q

Commonly used to stain bacterial spores

A

Schaefer-Fulton Spore stain

64
Q

Primary stain used in Schaefer-Fulton Spore staining method

A

Malachite Green

65
Q

Counterstain used in Schaefer-Fulton Spore staining method

A

Safranin

66
Q

In the Schaefer-Fulton Spore staining method, Endospores stain what color

A

Green

67
Q

In the Schaefer-Fulton Spore staining method, Bacterial cells stain what color

A

Pink / Red

Bacteriology 3rdYR 1stSem Prelims (6 decks)

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