Cell organelles Flashcards
(17 cards)
Why can’t mature red blood cells make haemoglobin?
ATP is required which is produced in the mitochondria which mature red blood cells don’t have. It needs ATP for protein synthesis.
Why can’t mature red blood cells transport substances at high rates?
They don’t have enough ATP as they do not have a mitochondria to supply the cell with it as it is needed for active transport
Why can’t the virus synthesise its own capsid
Doesn’t have mitochondria which it needs to produce ATP for protein synthesis
No organelles for protein synthesis
Similarity and difference between plant and prokaryotes
Similarity - both contain ribosomes cell membrane and DNA
Difference - membrane about organelles in plant not in prokaryote
Larger ribosomes in plant smaller ribosomes in prokaryote
DNA enclosed within nuclear membrane in plant and DNA free in cytoplasm in prokaryote
Describe the sequence of events that leads to the production of digestive enzymes in this cell
The nucleus contains DNA which codes for the production of mRNA
The nuclear pore allow mRNA to leave the nucleus
The ribosomes carry out protein synthesis
A reason why mitochondria may have differences in their appearances
Stage of development/age/cut in different planes
Three differences in bacteria and protoctistians
Bacteria - no membrane bound organelles - smaller 70 S ribosomes cell - murein cell wall
Protoctisa - membrane bound organelles - 80s ribosomes - cellulose cell wall
Why does an animal cell have considerably more membrane than the bacteria cell?
The animal cell is larger than the bacterial cell
The animal cell contains membrane bound organelles and the bacteria cell doesn’t
Why can’t HIV reproduce without infecting a host cell?
It does not have ribosomes for protein synthesis
Does not have mitochondria to produce ATP
How is the shape of the squamous epithelial tissue adapted to their function
Flat surface to reduce diffusion distance for gases
What is the name of the structure which separates an epithelium from underlying tissues
Basement membrane
Tissues definition
A group of similar cells working together to preform a function
Difference between simple and stratified cells
Simple - single layer of cells
Stratified - more layers of cells
What is the function of the rER in the production of proteins
Production of protein synthesis on ribosomes
Packaging of polypeptides into vesicles to transport to Golgi body
Role of Golgi body in protein production
Joining of polypeptides
Addition of carbohydrates to produce glycoprotein
Packaged into vesicles
Why is having a cylindrical shape advantageous to the mitochondria?
Diffusion distance to centre is smaller
Has a larger surface area to volume ratio
More oxygen can diffuse in
Aerobic respiration is more efficient so more ATP is produced
