Cell Organization/Organelles Test Flashcards 1
To study for the test. (46 cards)
How many cells are in the human body?
120 trillion.
The workers of the cell are…
Enzymes.
Enzymes are like…
Mini-machines, or serve as structures within the cell.
Powering the activity of the cell are (1) which create (2).
- Mitochondria
- ATP
Once a gene is copied, the instructions are taken where to create a protein?
Outside of the nucleus.
Proteins on the surface of cells are inspected by…
White blood cells.
Our first line of defense against bacteria and viruses is the…
Skin.
How do antibodies kill viruses?
Antibodies make viruses bind together, which makes it easier for the white blood cells to kill them. If they get in, they stick to the virus and trigger a defense system.
How do viruses get inside of the cell?
Viruses use their tails to attach to the membrane, where they force themselves in.
Why aren’t viruses considered alive?
They can’t replicate on its own.
What is necessary for complex life to exist?
Energy that is made by mitochondria.
What do viruses use to move towards the nucleus?
Motor proteins.
Motor proteins move at…
Over 100 steps per second.
How does the virus’ DNA get into the nucleus?
The motor proteins pull and break the virus, releasing the DNA into the nucleus.
How many genes are in the human nucleus?
23,000.
How many genes are in a virus DNA.
40.
What protein is made that weakens the nucleus membrane?
Adenovirus.
White blood cells can create how many antibodies per second?
5000.
Organisms carry out their own…
Life processes.
Scientific knowledge often results from the combination of several different…
Scientists.
Who helped to contribute to the cell theory?
Robert Hooke, Anton van Leeuwenhoek, Matthais Shledin, Theodor Shwann, and Rudolf Virchow.
Robert Hooke saw (1) when using a microscope to (2).
- Box like spaces
- Observe slices of cork
Anton van Leeuwenhoek made (1) of the (2) he observed.
- Drawings
- Organisms
Who was the first person to describe actual living cells?
Anton van Leeuwenhoek.
