Cell Physiology Chapter 1

Question 1

What are the components of the Extracellular Matrix (ECM)

Answer 1

Elastic fibers
Reticular Fiber
Ground substance

Question 2

What is responsible for the physical properties of a connective tissue?

Answer 2

Extracellular Matrix

Question 3

What is the wet gel that permits the exchange of nutrients and wastes btwn cells and blood?

Answer 3

Ground substance.

Question 4

What are the basic cell functions?

Answer 4

1. Obtain nutrients and oxygen.
2. Perform chemical reactions.
3. Eliminate carbon dioxide and other wastes.
4. Synthesize needed cellular components.
5. Control exchange of materials.
6. Sensing and responding to changes in surroundings environment.
7. Reproduction.

Question 5

What are the 4 primary types of tissue?

Answer 5

1. Muscle tissue
2. Nervous tissue
3. Epithelial tissue.
4. Connective tissue.

Question 6

2 types of Epithelial tissue organized by structure.

Answer 6

1. Epithelial sheets
2. Secretory glands.

Question 7

Atoms - ( ? ) - cells - ( ? ) - organs - (?) - organisms.

Answer 7

Molecules, Tissue, organ systems

Question 8

What are the smallest unit of life function?

Answer 8

Cells

Question 9

3 types of muscle tissues?

Answer 9

1. Skeletal muscle
2. Smooth muscle
3. Cardiac muscle.

Question 10

All glands in the human body are made up of what tissue?

Answer 10

Epithelial tissue

Question 11

What are the excitable tissues in the body?

Answer 11

Muscle tissue

Question 12

2 parts of Nervous system?

Answer 12

1. Central Nervous system(CNS)
2. Peripheral Nervous system(PNS)

Question 13

What makes up the central nervous system?

Answer 13

Brain and spinal cord

Question 14

2 parts of the Peripheral Nervous system?

Answer 14

1. Part that takes message TO the CNS.
2. Part that takes message FROM the CNS.

Question 15

What lines the organ system?

Answer 15

Epithelial sheets

Question 16

Hollow cavity is called?

Answer 16

Lumen

Question 17

Secretory glands are divided into?

Answer 17

Exocrine and Endocrine glands

Question 18

Which glands are glands with ducts?

Answer 18

Exocrine glands

Question 19

What are the examples of exocrine glands?

Answer 19

Sweat glands and Tear glands

Question 20

Which glands secretes hormones directly into the blood?

Answer 20

Endocrine glands

Question 21

An example of the Endocrine glands?

Answer 21

Pancreas glands

Question 22

Types of Connective tissue

Answer 22

1. Bone
2. Tendons
3. Blood
4. Loose tissue

Question 23

2 or more primary tissue that function together to perform a particular function?

Answer 23

Organs

Question 24

Human body has how many organ system?

Answer 24

11

Question 25

Maintaining a constant internal environment by minimizing and responding to changes is called?

Answer 25

Homeostatis

Question 26

Fluids that make up the homeostasis?

Answer 26

1. Intracellular fluid (ICF) 2. Extracellular Fluid (ECF)

Question 27

What is the fluid that surrounds the cells called?

Answer 27

Interstitial fluid (ISF)

Question 28

What are the 2 components of ECF?

Answer 28

Plasma and Institial fluid (ISF)

Question 29

Homeostasis control systems are:

Answer 29

1. Intrinsic control (Internal) 2. Extrinsic control (External)

Question 30

Which control is initiated outside of the organ?

Answer 30

Extrinsic control

Question 31

Which control is initiated inside the organ?

Answer 31

Intrinsic control

Question 32

The homeostasis control mechanism functions with 3 components namely?

Answer 32

1. A sensor (usually a nerve cell) 2. An integrator (hypothalamus) 3. An effector (cell, tissue, or organ that responds to the integrator)

Question 33

Which organ system is not essential for Homeostasis?

Answer 33

Reproductive system

Question 34

What detects deviations, integrate the information and make appropriate adjustments?

Answer 34

Homeostasis control systems

Question 35

Extrinsic controls are accomplished by ? And ?

Answer 35

Nervous and Endocrine systems

Question 36

what are the Homoestatsis mechanisms?

Answer 36

1. Feed-forward mechanisms 2. Feedback mechanisms

Question 37

Feedforward describes responses .......

Answer 37

made in anticipation of a change e.g. Insulin release.

Question 38

Feedback mechanisms are responses made.....

Answer 38

After a change has been detected or occurred.

Question 39

Feedback mechanisms are further divided into 2 parts namely?

Answer 39

1. Positive feedback 2. Negative feedback

Question 40

Which of the feedback mechanisms is Homoestatis mainly operated on?

Answer 40

Negative feedback

Question 41

which feedback mechanism enhances a particular change so that the controlled factor continues to move in the direction of the initial change?

Answer 41

Positive feedback

Question 42

Which is the primary type of homeostasis control mechanism that opposesor reverses the initial change?

Answer 42

Negative feedback