Cell Respiration Quiz Flashcards
(23 cards)
Energy
as the ability to do work
Potenetial energy
is stored energy and energy of position
Chemical energy
energy stored in bonds of atoms and molecules
kinetic energy
is the energy of motion.
What is ATP and how does it release energy for the cell?
Adenosine Triphosphate-the source of energy for use and storage at the cellular level. It releases energy when a phosphate group is removed from the molecule.
ATP Cycle
When the terminal phosphate is removed, ATP- 3 phosphates becomes ADP- two phosphates, hydrolysis and the energy which is stored is released to help out some biological function. Later when a phosphate group is added, ADP is recharged back to ATP dehydration synthesis. This cyclic transformation from ATP to ADP and again back to ATP is called as ATP cycle.
What is the purpose of cellular respiration?
Its purpose is to break down glucose in the form of atp.
How are breathing and cellular respiration related? (Think of the reactants and products)
In Breathing, CO2 & O2 are exchanged between your lungs and the air. In Cellular Respiration cells use the O2 obtained through the breathing to breakdown fuel, releasing CO2 as a waste product.
What is the difference between aerobic and anaerobic?
Aerobic means ‘with air’ and refers to the body producing energy with the use of oxygen. This typically involves any exercise that lasts longer than two minutes in duration.
Anaerobic means too be relating to, involving, or requiring an absence of free oxygen
Provide the overall BALANCED chemical equation for cellular respiration.
C6H12O6 + 6O2 → 6CO2 + 6H2O.
Explain how the human body uses its daily supply of ATP. (Hint: Why do we need ATP?)
The human body needs ATP for energy, we use energy to move, we need energy to eat, and to have our heart beat etc. Fuels other cellular processes
List the cellular regions where Glycolysis, the Krebs cycle, and the Electron Transport Chain (ETC) occur.
glycosis- cytoplasm
Krebs cycle- mitochondrial matrix
etc-inner membrane and the space between the inner and outer membrane, called the intermembrane space.
Three stages of cellular respiration
glycolysis, the Krebs cycle, and the electron transport chain
Compare the reactants, products, and energy yield of the three stages of cellular respiration. (How much ATP is produced in each stage?)
Glycolysis- two atp per 1 molecule of glucose
Krebs- two ATP, six NADH +H+, and two FADH2
ETC-. The electron transport cycle yields around 30-32 ATP molecules,
Identify the total yield of ATP molecules per glucose molecule.
The theoretical maximum yield of ATP for the oxidation of one molecule of glucose during aerobic respiration is 38
glucose bonds
When glucose bonds are broken apart energy is released which is used to help make atp
reactants in cellular respiration
glucose oxegyn
glucose molecules store
chemical energy
the energy in atp is stored in
the bond between the 2nd and 3rd phosphate.
Glycolysis
inside cytoplasm
anaerobic- no oxygen
sugar converts to two pyruvates
net yield- 2 pyruvate, 2 atp 2 NADH
Pyruvate transported into mitochondria by active transport
pyruvate converted into 2 acetyl CoA
CD is released
2 nadh produced
NADH
Co enzyme
transfers electrons
Krebs Cycle
In Mitochondrial matrix
aerobic
CD released
net yield- 2 atp 6 nadh 2 fadh2
ETC
Inner Mitochondrial membrane
aerobic
electrons transported from the nadh and fadh to protein complexes in electron carriers
electrons used to generate protein gradient
protons pumped to inner membrane space
proteins travel through atp synthase
becomes atp
