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cell struc Flashcards

1
Q

Contains a true nucleus

A

Eukaryotic cell

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2
Q

Sterol present in the cytoplasmic membrane of fungal cells

A

Ergosterol

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3
Q

Sterol present in the cytoplasmic membrane of animal cells

A

Cholesterol

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4
Q

No true nucleus

A

Prokaryotes

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5
Q

T/F: Nucleoid has no membrane covering

A

True

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6
Q

Folded area of the membrane that contains the DNA

A

Mesosome

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7
Q

“Jumping Genes”

A

Transposons

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8
Q

Extra chromosomal DNA that can self-replicate

A

Plasmids

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9
Q

Cell-wall deficient bacteria

A

Mycoplasma and Ureaplasma

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10
Q

Variations in shape of bacteria

A

Pleomorphism

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11
Q

T/F: Cytoplasmic membrane of prokaryotes contain no sterols.

A

True

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12
Q

A component important in the stabilizaton of the membrane

A

Cholesterol

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13
Q

What type of DNA do bacteria have? Where is it located?

A

Circular, in the nucleoid, mesosome

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14
Q

Prokaryote ploidy

A

Haploid

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15
Q

T/F: Mycoplasma and Ureaplasma have cell walls.

A

False. They are the only bacteria who have no cell wall.

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16
Q

Site of energy production for prokaryotes

A

Cytoplasmic membrane

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17
Q

Ribosomal size of prokaryotes

A

70S

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18
Q

Motility of prokaryotes

A

Flagella

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19
Q

T/F: Prokaryotes have attached ribosomes.

A

False. They have free ribosomes.

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20
Q

Contains a thick layer of peptidoglycan

A

Gram-positive

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21
Q

Contains a thin layer of peptidoglycan

A

Gram-negative

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22
Q

Waxy component contained by acid fast bacteria

A

Mycolic acid

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23
Q

Contains enzymes for metabolism and gel-like substances that capture nutrients

24
Q

Deepest layer of the cell

A

Cell membrane

25
What purpose does the folded regions of the mesosome serve?
Increased surface area = Increased enzymatic activity
26
Point of attachment of the nucleoid
Mesosomes
27
Gives shape to the bacteria cell
Cell wall
28
Shapes of bacteria (4)
Cocci Bacilli (includes coccobacilli) Spiral Vibrio
29
Comma shaped bacteria
Vibrio
30
Elongated bacteria
Bacilli
31
Rounded bacteria
Cocci
32
Main constituent of cell walls
Peptidoglycan or Murein Sacculus
33
Disaccharides consisting peptidoglycan
NAG & NAM
34
What is the peptide bridge linkage
NAM-NAM; B-1,4 Linkage
35
Antigenic substance in *Streptococcus pyogenes* that prevents phagocytosis
M protein
36
Antigenic substance found in *Mycobacterium tuberculosis*
Mycolic acid
37
Cord Factor
6,6 trehalose dimycolate
38
Antiphagocytic substance found in *Staphylococcus aureus*
Protein A
39
Antigenic substance that is found only in Gram (-) bacteria
O-Antigen
40
T/F: Somatic antigen is heat labile.
False. Heat stable.
41
T/F: Gram (-) is more susceptible to penicillin.
False. Gram (+) is easier to access, thus more susceptible.
42
The ribitol teichoic acid is anchored to what structure
Cell wall
43
The glycerol teichoic acid is anchored to what structure
Cell membrane
44
Can only be found in Gram (+); is both an antigenic and immunogenic
Teichoic acid
45
Protection against bacteriophage
S-Layer
46
T/F: Lysozyme secretions are more effective against Gram (+).
True
47
Viruses that target bacteria
Bacteriophage
48
The peptidoglycan is found underneath what structure
Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)
49
LPS composition
O-Antigen Core polysaccharide Lipid-A/Endotoxin
50
When are endotoxins released
When bacteria dies
51
Cell wall alternating disaccharides
N-acetyl glucosamine N-acetyl muramic acid
52
Gram (-) organisms that have LOS instead of LPS
Haemophilus influenzae Neisseria gonorrhoeae Bordetella pertussis
53
Major outer membrane proteins of gram (-) cell walls
Porin proteins Transmembrane Proteins Peripheral proteins
54
T/F: All G(+) are AFB but not all AFB are G(+).
False. All AFB are G(+) but not all G(+) are AFB.
55
Bacteria with mycolic acid
Mycobacterium Nocardia Legionella micdadei Other protozoans (Cryptosporidium, Isospora, Cyclospora)
56
Components of cell membrane unique to acid fast organisms
Phosphatidylmannosides Lipoarabinomannan

MT6320 (2 decks)

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